J Emerg Med
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The ability to accurately assess the level of immunosuppression in HIV+ patients in the emergency department (ED) is often limited and can affect management of these patients. ⋯ The ALC threshold of 1700 cells/mm(3) retains significant discriminatory value and would moderately improve identification of patients with a CD4 < 200 cells/mm(3) but is not likely to be reliable as the sole method of early recognition and evaluation of PCP.
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Review Case Reports
Bilateral anterior dislocation of the shoulder: review of seventy cases and proposal of a new etiological-mechanical classification.
Although anterior shoulder dislocation is common in everyday practice in Emergency Departments, bilateral presentation is a rare entity. ⋯ The bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation may not be as rare as previously thought and must be taken into account in emergency services. The authors propose a new etiological-mechanical classification. Also, the importance of radiologic diagnosis must be highlighted.
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Obtaining vascular access is difficult in certain patients. When routine peripheral venous catheterization is not possible, several alternatives may be considered, each with its own strengths and limitations. ⋯ Although further study of this technique is required, we believe this procedure may be a valuable option for ED patients requiring rapid vascular access.
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Knee dislocation is an uncommon but serious injury that has traditionally been associated with high velocity injuries such as motor vehicle accidents. More recently, individual cases of obese individuals sustaining knee dislocation from a low velocity mechanism have been noted. Associated injuries of knee dislocation are common and include popliteal vessel damage requiring surgical repair and injuries to the peroneal nerve. Prompt diagnosis and reduction is essential to reduce the risk of these complications. ⋯ This is the first series of such injuries that we are aware of and highlights a potential future increase in incidence of these major injuries as body mass in society increases, placing more strain on health care resources. Practitioners in the Emergency Department need to be aware that serious injury can be present in morbidly obese patients that have sustained no more than a fall from standing height. Prompt investigation and management is essential.