J Trauma
-
This study focuses on the analysis of snowboarding versus skiing injuries, especially fracture, dislocation, or both, of the elbow, based on 7 years of medical records and roentgenograms of patients injured at a ski-snowboard area, Mt. Zao National Park, and demonstrates the precise characteristics of snowboard injury in the elbow region. ⋯ Posterior dislocation; fractures of coronoid process, radial neck, and radial head; and extension-type fracture of the distal humerus characterize the particular and frequent injury mechanism responsible for snowboarding trauma in the elbow region. Thus, snowboarding injury of the elbow is recognized as a severe injury and is characterized by a frequent risk of posterior dislocation, fracture, or both. The severity of elbow injuries in snowboarding mainly seems to be due to direct mechanical force on the elbow, receiving the full impact of falling down, combined with an outstretched hand and elbow extension, or with an outstretched hand and longitudinal thrust force, to the proximal radius and ulna and distal humerus.
-
The purpose of this study was to determine the statistical model that best predicted mortality from blunt trauma using a contemporary population-based database. ⋯ The ICISS has promise as an alternative to TRISS, but many more comparative studies need to be undertaken using updated TRISS coefficients. Models should also be developed for mechanisms of injury, not just for blunt and penetrating injuries.
-
Although injury is the leading cause of cardiac arrests in children older than 1 year, few studies have examined the survival and functional outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric trauma patients. ⋯ Survival outcome of CPR in pediatric trauma patients appears to be comparable to that reported in adults of mixed arrest causes. Future research needs to identify factors underlying the excess mortality associated with penetrating trauma.
-
Comparative Study
Differential profile of facial injuries among mountainbikers compared with bicyclists.
Bicyclists and mountainbikers are prone to facial trauma. In the current study, we present a large series of cycling-related sports trauma to the face in an effort to identify the injury pattern among mountainbikers compared with bicyclists. ⋯ Appropriate design of helmets with faceguards will reduce the incidence of facial injuries caused by cycling-related accidents and incentives are needed for making helmet use compulsory for all cyclists, particularly for mountainbikers.
-
Bomb blast survivors occasionally suffer from profound shock and hypoxemia without signs of external injury. We hypothesize that a vagally mediated reflex such as the pulmonary defensive reflex is the cause of shock from blast wave injury. This study was a prospectively randomized, controlled animal study. ⋯ Our data implicate a vagally mediated reflex such as the pulmonary defensive reflex as the cause of shock seen immediately after a blast pressure wave injury.