J Trauma
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Comparative Study
Comparative use of magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiologic investigation for the prognosis of head injury.
To compare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electrophysiologic investigation as prognostic methods in acute head injury. ⋯ MRI scans performed early after head injury provide several indicators for unfavorable outcome. Electrophysiologic investigations add to this prognostic evidence. Both methods have comparably high specificity. However, because of the higher density of prognostic information obtained, MRI seems superior to electrophysiologic testing.
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Although injury is the leading cause of cardiac arrests in children older than 1 year, few studies have examined the survival and functional outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pediatric trauma patients. ⋯ Survival outcome of CPR in pediatric trauma patients appears to be comparable to that reported in adults of mixed arrest causes. Future research needs to identify factors underlying the excess mortality associated with penetrating trauma.
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Comparative Study
Differential profile of facial injuries among mountainbikers compared with bicyclists.
Bicyclists and mountainbikers are prone to facial trauma. In the current study, we present a large series of cycling-related sports trauma to the face in an effort to identify the injury pattern among mountainbikers compared with bicyclists. ⋯ Appropriate design of helmets with faceguards will reduce the incidence of facial injuries caused by cycling-related accidents and incentives are needed for making helmet use compulsory for all cyclists, particularly for mountainbikers.
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Bomb blast survivors occasionally suffer from profound shock and hypoxemia without signs of external injury. We hypothesize that a vagally mediated reflex such as the pulmonary defensive reflex is the cause of shock from blast wave injury. This study was a prospectively randomized, controlled animal study. ⋯ Our data implicate a vagally mediated reflex such as the pulmonary defensive reflex as the cause of shock seen immediately after a blast pressure wave injury.
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Major inherent risks associated with percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy include loss of airway during endotracheal tube manipulation, inability to cannulate the trachea below the endotracheal tube, and difficulties related to neck anatomy. ⋯ This technique provides improved safety from loss of airway and illuminates the need for concomitant bronchoscopy.