Cancer
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Nomogram use for the prediction of indolent prostate cancer: impact on screen-detected populations.
Screening for prostate cancer has resulted in an increased incidence-to-mortality ratio. Not all cancers deserve immediate treatment. It has therefore become more important to be able to identify those cases of screen-detected prostate cancer most likely to show indolent behavior. ⋯ The current nomogram can identify substantial groups of screen-detected cancers that are likely indolent and can therefore be considered for active surveillance.
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In this specifically designed, prospective study, the authors addressed the predictive value of circulating levels of the extracellular domain (ECD) of HER2 in patients with metastatic breast cancer who were treated with letrozole. ⋯ Elevated HER2 ECD concentrations predicted poorer outcomes in postmenopausal women with metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer who were treated with aromatase inhibitors like letrozole.
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The authors investigated whether stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone improved outcomes for patients in recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) Classes 1 and 2 who had 1 to 3 brain metastases compared with whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). ⋯ For patients in RPA Classes 1 and 2 who had 1 to 3 brain metastases, SRS alone was associated with improved BC and LC compared with 30 to 40 Gy WBRT, whereas OS and DC were not significantly different. Similar results were observed in separate subgroup analyses of patients in RPA Class 1 and RPA Class 2.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Severe enteropathy among patients with stage II/III colon cancer treated on a randomized trial of bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin plus or minus oxaliplatin: a prospective analysis.
Cases of severe gastrointestinal toxicity were monitored prospectively during NSABP C-07, a randomized clinical trial of adjuvant therapy for patients with stage II/III colon cancer. ⋯ Patients treated with adjuvant FL should be closely monitored for diarrhea and aggressively managed, especially if oxaliplatin has been added to the regimen. Society.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Efficacy of gabapentin in the management of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial (N00C3).
The antiepileptic agent, gabapentin, has been demonstrated to relieve symptoms of peripheral neuropathy due to various etiologies. On the basis of these data, a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover, randomized trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of gabapentin on symptoms of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). ⋯ This trial failed to demonstrate any benefit to using gabapentin to treat symptoms caused by CIPN.