Clin Cancer Res
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The histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), has multiple antitumor effects against a variety of human cancers. ⋯ Our data indicate that SAHA is a plausible adjuvant therapy for thyroid cancers.
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The molecular identification and characterization of antigenic epitopes recognized by T cells on human cancers has rapidly evolved since the cloning in 1991 of MAGEA1, the first gene reported to encode a CTL-defined human tumor antigen. In the expanding field of human tumor immunology, unique tumor antigens constitute a growing class of T cell-defined epitopes that exhibit strong immunogenicity. ⋯ Immunogenicity and constitutive expression of the unique tumor antigens provide a strong rationale for the design of novel, patient-tailored therapies that target such determinants. Here we discuss the immunologic relevance of unique tumor antigens in the light of the prospects for exploiting such epitopes as targets for patient-specific immune intervention strategies.
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To assess the effect of raloxifene, indicated for osteoporosis treatment and prevention, on invasive breast cancer in subgroups of postmenopausal women defined by risk factors for breast cancer. ⋯ Raloxifene therapy was associated with a reduced risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women irrespective of the presence/absence of risk factors; its effect was greater in women with a family history of breast cancer.
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The metallopanstimulin-1 (MPS-1) gene is a growth factor-inducible gene, which is highly expressed in many human cancers and may be involved in the progression towards tumor malignancy. However, it is unclear whether MPS-1 plays any role in gastric cancer development or progression. Our studies were designed to clarify the MPS-1 expression pattern and to explore its potential role in gastric cancer. ⋯ These results provide strong evidence that MPS-1 plays an important role in gastric cancer cell proliferation and development, and suggests that MPS-1 is a promising target for gastric cancer treatment.
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Tamoxifen has long been the drug of choice in adjuvant endocrine therapy of steroid hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, and it still remains important due to its well-documented beneficial effect. Hormone receptor status is often reported as "positive" or "negative" using 10% positive nuclei as a cutoff. In this study, we aimed to assess whether a further subclassification of hormone receptor status could enhance the treatment predictive value. ⋯ Adjuvant tamoxifen improved recurrence-free and overall survival for premenopausal patients with tumors showing >75% PR-positive nuclei. No effect could be shown in tumors with fewer PR-positive nuclei. The PR was a stronger predictor of treatment response than the ER. Based on these findings, we suggest the implementation of a fractioned rather than dichotomized immunohistochemical evaluation of hormone receptors in clinical practice, possibly with greater emphasis on the PR than the ER.