Int J Clin Exp Patho
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyComparing of IRS and Her2 as immunohistochemical scoring schemes in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Neuroendocrine tumors (NET) are known for an overexpression of somatostatin receptors (SSTR). In light of very few and partially contradictory publications, the present study aims to achieve a definite immunohistochemical (IHC) quantification and assessment of the distribution of all five SSTR-subtypes on NET and to evaluate an implementable scoring system, comparing the immunoreactive score of Remmele and Stegner (IRS) to the Her2-score. In 21 patients 40 different tumor tissues were IHC analysed using polyclonal antibodies for SSTR1 and 3-5 and the monoclonal antibody UMB-1 for SSTR2A. SSTR expression was quantitatively evaluated according to HER2-score and IRS, correlated among each other and to the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in tumor lesions as measured by PET/CT using 68Ga-DOTA-NOC. ⋯ The results of the analyses revealed heterogeneous expression patterns. SSTR2A and 3 were highly expressed, demonstrating the importance of SSTR for diagnostics and therapy. Relatively high frequency of SSTR3 and 4 on NET give reasons to try pansomatostatin analogues for therapy rather than concentrating only on the SSTR2A. Statistically, none of the immunohistochemical scores was superior. However, due the heterogeneity of the cytoplasmic staining justice we propose the IRS as a uniform scoring scheme for IHC NET diagnostic.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2012
Comparative StudyTumor cell nuclear diameter and CD30 expression as potential prognostic parameter in patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type.
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type (nasal ENKTL) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity of lymphoid tumors with variable size and differentiation of tumor cells. Nasal ENKTL is related to infection of the tumor cells with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and virtually all cases contain monoclonal episomal EBV DNA and detectable EBV encoded small nuclear RNAs (EBERs). Several clinical factors are known for their relation to the prognosis, but histopathologic prognostic factors of nasal ENKTL have not yet been well established. ⋯ Patients with larger mean NDTC (≥ 7.35 μm) had a poorer event-free survival (EFS) than those with smaller mean NDTC (<7.35 μm; p = 0.024) and had a tendency of inferior overall survival (OS) (p = 0.08). Patients with CD30 expression had a inferior EFS (p = 0.018) and OS (p = 0.011) compared those without CD30 expression. The NDTC of EBV infected tumor cell and CD30 expression had relation to survival in the current exploratory analysis.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2012
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: immunohistochemical analysis provides fresh insights into lung tissue remodelling with implications for novel prognostic markers.
This study explored the cellular and biological interrelationships involved in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) lung tissue remodelling using immunohistochemical analysis. ⋯ The pathogenesis of IPF is complex and involves multiple factors, possibly including EMT. Histological analysis suggests TGF-β-stimulated myofib rob lasts initiate a contractile response within established fibroblastic foci while proliferating ATII cells attempt to instigate alveolar epithelium repair. Marker expression (N-cadherin and Ki-67) correlation with histological disease activity (as reflected by fibroblastic foci extent) may emerge as future prognostic indicators for IPF.
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Int J Clin Exp Patho · Jan 2012
The cell death of C6 astrocytoma cells induced by oridonin and its mechanism.
Many studies have shown that oridonin, a compound purified from Rabdosia rubescens, was able to suppress proliferation and induce apoptosis in many cell types. In this study, In order to investigate the proliferation suppression and apoptosis-inducing effect of oridonin on Rat C6 astrocytoma cells, we treated C6 cells with different concentrations of oridonin for various time intervals. Oridonin concentration-time viability curve were used to test the effect of oridonin on the C6 cells. ⋯ Hochest 33258 staining and flow cytometry revealed that oridonin induced apoptosis and arrested the entry into G2/M phase of C6 cells. According to the results of Western blot, oridonin down-regulated Bcl-2, up-regulated Bax protein, and activated caspase-3 in the oridonin-treated C6 cells. All together, our results suggested that oridonin can cause the suppression of proliferation in C6 astrocytoma cells and the cell death induced by oridonin might be associated with mitochondria- mediated apoptosis by activating caspase-3.