Oncol Lett
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Malignant transformation of an epidermoid cyst is rare. The current report presents a case of a 55-year-old female patient with squamous cell carcinoma arising from a benign epidermoid cyst in the left temporal region and prepontine area. She had undergone subtotal resection of an epidermoid cyst 7 months previously. ⋯ The patient underwent removal of the lesion and postoperative histological examination revealed a squamous cell carcinoma possibly arising from the epidermoid cyst. Accurate diagnosis of malignant transformation prior to operation is difficult; however, the possibility of an intracranial epidermoid cyst must be considered if a focally enhancing area is visible. Postoperative histological examinations may be used to determine a definite diagnosis, and accurate diagnosis is important for planning a rational therapeutic strategy.
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The present study reports a case of low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma that occurred in a 62-year-old woman 9 years subsequent to whole breast irradiation for a carcinoma of the left breast, and 18 years following chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL; diagnosed at the age of 43). The patient was 53 years of age when a cT2N0M0 stage IIA breast tumor was identified and excised. A 2.5 cm diameter nodule with dimpling in the upper-outer region of the left breast was detected. ⋯ The patient remained clinically stable for 4 years thereafter, until 2008 when the patient experienced a local relapse and underwent surgery. On 19 October 2011, the patient succumbed to RIS. The current study suggests that the RT history of a patient requires consideration due to the possible development of RIS, including the development of a low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma, which may lead to a poor prognosis.
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Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, varying from an isolated lesion to systemic involvement. The etiology of this disease remains to be elucidated. ⋯ Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a heterogeneously contrast-enhanced mass near the left temporal pole, which eroded into the patient's left orbit and maxillary sinus. The lesion was totally excised and confirmed to be LCH through biopsy.
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The present study aimed to investigate the genes and signaling pathways associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by bioinformatics analysis. For this purpose, the GSE2503 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 6 normal skin and 5 SCC samples were analyzed using the Linear Models for Microarray Data package. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs were performed, followed by functional annotation and construction of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. ⋯ Integrin alpha (ITGA)6 and 2 were enriched in several pathways, including focal adhesion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction. DEGs of SCC were primarily enriched in pathways associated with cancer and cell adhesion. Therefore, DEGs such as IL8, MMP1, HIF1A, ITGA6 and ITGA2 may be potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of SCC.
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A giant-cell tumor of the bone (GCTB) is a benign but locally aggressive bone tumor. Recently, the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) ligand inhibitor, denosumab, has demonstrated activity against giant-cell tumors. The current study reports a case of a sacral GCTB with lung metastasis. ⋯ The specimen from the pulmonary nodule exhibited similar findings to the surgical specimen. It was reported that denosumab treatment was able to reduce the number of giant cells and RANK-positive stromal cells, and cause the formation of new bone in the primary lesion. The present study reports the first case to demonstrate the efficiency of denosumab in treating pulmonary metastasis of GCTB.