Oral Oncol
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Review Meta Analysis
Alcohol drinking and upper aerodigestive tract cancer mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer is among the most frequent cancer and the most common death causes of cancer in the world. Epidemiological studies have reported an inconsistent relationship between alcohol drinking and UADT cancer mortality. However, no systematic review or meta-analysis has been reported up to now. To quantify the association between alcohol drinking and UADT cancer mortality, we performed this meta-analysis. ⋯ This study provides evidence of a positive association between alcohol drinking and UADT cancer mortality, especially when alcohol consumption reaching moderate-to-heavy level. Thus, public health recommendation on UADT cancer prevention and control should consider limiting the intake of alcoholic beverages.
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Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) demonstrate poor survival and significant treatment morbidity with standard therapy. The immune profile in HNSCC, whether caused by carcinogen exposure or human papillomavirus (HPV), is notably immunosuppressive. Early clinical trials of immunotherapy in HNSCC were troubled by systemic toxicity or difficulties in local administration. ⋯ Finally, we will describe principles for therapeutic vaccination in HPV-associated HNSCC, where non-host TAs such as viral oncoproteins represent ideal targets, and HPV-negative HNSCC, where p53 is a promising target. Insights into immunosuppression in HNSCC have elucidated mechanistic targets for immunotherapy. Rational clinical investigation may lead to effective stand alone or combinatorial treatment approaches.
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To prospectively evaluate and compare health-related quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes in patients with head-neck squamous cell carcinoma randomized to either intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) or three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and assess serial longitudinal change in QOL over time. ⋯ There is substantial deterioration in QOL after curative-intent head-neck irradiation that gradually improves over time. IMRT results in clinically meaningful and statistically better QOL scores for some domains compared to 3D-CRT at several time points with comparable disease outcomes that could support its widespread adoption in routine clinical practice.
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Central compartment lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in patients with laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, or cervical esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, but cannot be reliably detected using computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, we assessed the clinical utility of using (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT to identify CLNM in these patients. ⋯ Neither (18)F-FDG PET/CT nor CT/MRI is a sensitive diagnostic imaging modality for detecting CLNM. Routine elective central compartment dissection or radiotherapy should be advocated for the treatment of these patients.