J Bone Joint Surg Br
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J Bone Joint Surg Br · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialFibrinolytic inhibition with tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and blood transfusion after knee arthroplasty: a prospective, randomised, double-blind study of 86 patients.
We investigated the effect of a fibrinolytic inhibitor, tranexamic acid, on blood loss and blood transfusion in knee arthroplasty by a randomised, double-blind study of 86 patients. A dose of 10 mg/kg body-weight of either tranexamic acid or placebo was given intravenously shortly before the release of the tourniquet, and repeated three hours later. ⋯ The number of thromboembolic complications was the same in both groups. Tranexamic acid should be given prophylactically in order to be effective.
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J Bone Joint Surg Br · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPostoperative treatment of internally fixed ankle fractures: a prospective randomised study.
In a prospective, randomised trial of 81 patients with fractures of the ankle of AO types A, B and C we compared two regimes of postoperative management after internal fixation. The patients were mobilised either non-weight-bearing with crutches or weight-bearing in a below-knee walking plaster. ⋯ There were no significant differences between the groups in the loaded dorsal range of movement (25 degrees v 23 degrees, Mann-Whitney test, cft, p = 0.16) or in the overall clinical result. Both treatments were considered to be satisfactory and their choice depends on the ability to mobilise non-weight-bearing, wound healing, the type of work and personal preference.
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J Bone Joint Surg Br · May 1996
Comparative StudyOrthopaedic bone drills-can they be improved? Temperature changes near the drilling face.
We studied the various drill bits available for engineering purposes, and compared them with standard orthopaedic drill bits, using continuous temperature recording at 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm and 1.5 mm from the edge of a 2.5 mm hole as it was drilled in fresh cadaver human tibia. We found that some commercially available drill bits performed better than their orthopaedic equivalents, producing significantly less thermal injury to the surrounding bone and halving the force required for cortical penetration. ⋯ Theoretical knowledge of cutting technology predicts that the addition of a parabolic flute will further reduce thermal damage. Further work is being done on other drill sizes used in orthopaedic practice and on new custom-designed bits.
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During a four-month period we observed 12 stress fractures of the inferior pubic ramus in 11 military recruits undergoing basic training. Eleven of these were in women. ⋯ The presenting symptom was chronic groin pain which failed to settle with rest, and the clinical diagnoses were confirmed by radiographs in all but one patient who was diagnosed by 99mTc bone scanning. Since the required stride length has been reduced there have been no new cases of stress fracture of the pelvis.
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J Bone Joint Surg Br · Mar 1996
Occipito-atlanto-axial fusion in Morquio-Brailsford syndrome. A ten-year experience.
In 17 patients (eleven males, six females) with Morquio-Brailsford syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis IV) we have used onlay femoral and tibial autografts placed posteriorly and secured to the laminae of C1 and C2 to obtain satisfactory occipito-C1/C2 posterior fusion. They were immobilised postoperatively in a halo-plaster body jacket for four months. ⋯ Those with myelopathic symptoms of recent onset made some recovery, but severely myelopathic patients showed little or no recovery. We advise prophylactic occipitocervical fusion in these patients since the cartilaginous dens is not strong enough to ensure atlanto-axial mechanical stability.