American journal of veterinary research
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Comparative Study
Cardiopulmonary changes induced during one-lung ventilation in anesthetized dogs with a closed thoracic cavity.
To evaluate the effects of one-lung ventilation (OLV) on oxygen delivery (DO2) in anesthetized dogs with a closed thoracic cavity. ⋯ Use of OLV in healthy dogs does not induce significant changes in DO2, which is the ultimate variable to use when evaluating tissue oxygenation. One-lung ventilation can be initiated safely in dogs before entering the thoracic cavity during surgery. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate OLV in clinically affected patients and variations in age, body position, and type of anesthetic protocol.
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Comparative Study
Cardiopulmonary effects of positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation in anesthetized dogs with a closed thoracic cavity.
To evaluate the effects on oxygen delivery (DO2) of 2.5 and 5 cm H2O of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) applied to the dependent lung during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in anesthetized dogs with a closed thoracic cavity. ⋯ The use of PEEP during OLV in anesthetized dogs with a closed thoracic cavity did not affect DO2. Use of PEEP during OLV in dogs with a closed thoracic cavity is recommended because it does not affect cardiac output and any gain in CaO2 will be beneficial for DO2 in critically ill patients.
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Comparative Study
Meal-induced gastric relaxation and emptying in horses after ingestion of high-fat versus high-carbohydrate diets.
To evaluate the effect of ingestion of a high-carbohydrate versus a high-fat meal on relaxation of the proximal portion of the stomach and subsequent gastric emptying in horses. ⋯ In horses, in contrast to most species, dietary fat supplementation may not have a profound effect on gastric motility.
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To quantitate effects of dose of sevoflurane and mode of ventilation on cardiovascular and respiratory function in horses and identify changes in serum biochemical values associated with sevoflurane anesthesia. ⋯ Sevoflurane causes dose-related cardiopulmonary depression, and mode of ventilation further impacts the magnitude of this depression. Except for serum inorganic fluoride concentration, quantitative alterations in serum biochemical indices of liver- and muscle-cell disruption and kidney function were considered clinically unremarkable and similar to results from comparable studies of other inhalation anesthetics.
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To quantitate the effects of desflurane and mode of ventilation on cardiovascular and respiratory functions and identify changes in selected clinicopathologic variables and serum fluoride values associated with desflurane anesthesia in horses. ⋯ Results indicate that desflurane, like other inhalation anesthetics, causes profound hypoventilation in horses. The magnitude of cardiovascular depression is related to dose and mode of ventilation; cardiovascular depression is less severe at doses of 1X to 1.5X MAC, compared with known effects of other inhalation anesthetics under similar conditions. Desflurane is not metabolized to an important degree and does not appear to prominently influence renal function or hepatic cellular integrity or function.