American journal of veterinary research
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To determine the effect of bilateral hypoglossal and and glossopharyngeal nerve block on epiglottic and soft palate position and tracheal and pharyngeal pressures in exercising horses. ⋯ Loss of contact of the epiglottis with the soft palate did not affect soft palate position, suggesting that when the soft palate is normal, the epiglottis does not function as a support, holding the soft palate in a ventral position. Therefore, epiglottic dysfunction is not solely responsible for intermittent dorsal displacement of the soft palate in horses, and neuromuscular dysfunction involving the hyoepiglotticus muscle, geniohyoideus muscle, or the hypoglossal nerve may cause epiglottic retroflexion in horses.
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Comparative Study
Cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane, compared with halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane, in dogs.
To evaluate cardiopulmonary effects of sevoflurane (Sevo), compared with halothane (Hal), enflurane (Enf), and isoflurane (Iso). ⋯ Cardiovascular effects of Sevo were greater than those of Hal, similar to those of Iso, and less than those of Enf. Respiratory effects of Sevo were similar to those of Iso at all anesthesia stages, greater than those of Hal at 2 MAC, and less than those of Enf at 1.5 and 2 MAC. Up to the moderate surgical anesthesia stage, Sevo can be used safely in dogs undergoing spontaneous ventilation.
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To study the effect of flunixin meglumine on short circuit current (Isc) in equine right ventral colon in vitro. ⋯ Our results suggest that flunixin meglumine given IV to horses at recommended doses could alter putative effects of colonic prostaglandins.
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To evaluate buffering capacity and side effects of equivalent doses of tromethamine (THAM) and sodium bicarbonate (BIC). ⋯ The buffering capacity of THAM is equal to that of BIC, although THAM does not cause the transient hypernatremia or hypercapnia observed after BIC administration. Hypocalcemia may be transient after administration of either solution. Thus, THAM is an acceptable alternative to BIC for treatment of metabolic acidosis in selected anesthetized dogs.
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To determine the effects of endotracheal intubation on respiratory mechanics during xylazine sedation and xylazine-diazepam-ketamine anesthesia in adult horses. ⋯ Work of breathing in horses is substantially increased when RUA is increased during xylazine sedation and xylazine-diazepam-ketamine anesthesia. Endotracheal intubation reduces W by reducing RUA.