American journal of veterinary research
-
The spinal nerve root origins of the cutaneous nerves arising from the brachial plexus were investigated in 10 babiturate-anesthetized dogs by stimulating dorsal roots C5 to T2 and recording from each cutaneous nerve. Upon completion of the experiment, the contributions of the spinal nerve ventral branches to the brachial plexus were verified by anatomic dissection. The brachial plexus was formed by the ventral branches of C6 to T2 in 8 dogs, C6 to T1 in 1 dog, and C5 to T1 in 1 dog. ⋯ The median nerve received contributions primarily from C7, C8, and T1, and the communicating branch from the musculocutaneous to the median nerve contained fibers primarily from C7 and C8. The medial and lateral branches of the superficial branch of the radial nerve arose from C6, C7, C8, and T1, with the medial branch generally arising 1 segment craniad to the lateral. The palmar and dorsal branches of the ulnar nerve arose predominately from C8 and T1, and the caudal cutaneous antebrachial nerve of the ulnar arose predominately from T1 and T2.
-
A radiograph technique for identification of diaphragmatic segments and quantitation of their contribution to total diaphragmatic function was developed. five anesthetized ponies were studied on 3 separate occasions. Studies were made of the ponies in left lateral recumbency at 2 anesthetic levels (1 and 2 minimal alveolar anesthetic concentrations; halothane) and under spontaneous and controlled ventilation systems. ⋯ Controlled ventilation altered the pattern of diaphragmatic displacement. Diaphragmatic displacement and regional volume changes were a function of active contraction or passive movement.
-
Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Clinical trials with fenbendazole and oxibendazole for Strongyloides westeri infection in foals.
-
Comparative Study
Serum inorganic fluoride and renal function in dogs after methoxyflurane anesthesia, tetracycline treatment, and surgical manipulation.
Effects of 2 hours of methoxyflurane-induced anesthesia in 25 dogs were determined by serum inorganic fluoride, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, water intake, urine excretion, and urine specific gravity measurements; arterial concentrations of the anesthetic were also determined. The dogs were allotted to 5 groups (PTM, CTM, PTML, CTML, ML) of 5 dogs in each group and were anesthetized (M, in group designations) for 2 hours. The dogs were injected with chemically pure tetracycline or commercial tetracycline (PT and CT, in group designations) before, on the day of, and after anesthesia. ⋯ Water intake reached peak at 48 hours after anesthesia. Arterial concentrations of methoxyflurane determined at 60 and 120 minutes of anesthesia indicated no difference (P greater than 0.05) among groups. Neither clinical nor laboratory signs of severe kidney dysfunction were detected in any of the experimental dogs during a 5-day observation period after anesthesia.
-
Comparative Study
Esophageal and intrapleural pressures in the healthy conscious pony.
Pleural and esophageal pressures were compared in 6 standing sedated ponies. Pleural pressure was measured with blunt needles attached to transducers and inserted in the 10th intercostal space level with and 10 and 20 cm above the point of the shoulder. Two balloons (a condom and an esophageal balloon) attached to transducers measured esophageal pressure in the cranial, middle, and caudal portions of the thoracic part of the esophagus. ⋯ The type of esophageal balloon had no effect on the measured pressure change. Regional variations in esophageal or pleural pressure during breathing caused variations in the calculated dynamic compliance. Pleural pressure gradients of 0.33 cm of water/cm of descent and 0.484 cm of water/cm of descent were recorded in the dorsal and ventral halves of the thorax, respectively, and may result in regional variations in lung inflation similar to those observed in persons.