Neurochirurgie
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Cortical spreading depolarization waves (CSD) are massive temporary neuronal depolarizations that slowly propagate through cerebral cortex from brain injured tissue. CSD waves cause temporary brain electrical silence, local tissue hemodynamic responses and metabolic increases required for cellular repolarization. Due to this metabolic imbalance in compromised tissue, CSD could participate in the extension of secondary insults after brain injury. From the analysis of the human literature, we aimed at determine the CSD incidences in brain injured patients. ⋯ When monitoring tools are available, CSD occur in more than 50% of brain injured patients. Today results come from clinical research. Future studies are necessary to determine the impact of CSD detection on care and potential therapeutics aimed at counteracting these adverse events.
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Long-term results of decompressive laminectomy in degenerative lumbar stenosis have been studied in only six prospective studies. The objective of our study was to evaluate the functional outcome at long term of patients after decompressive laminectomy in lumbar stenosis and to determine predictive factors of favorable outcome. ⋯ The long-term results of surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis were moderate with an improved outcome in 49.5% of cases in our study. The only independent factor to a favorable outcome was the low comorbidity.
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We report the case of bilateral peroneal neuropathy following massive weight loss after bariatric surgery. A few months after a gastric by-pass, the patient developed sequentially within 6 months a L2-L3 herniated disc that required surgery, a severe right peroneal nerve palsy that led to decompressive surgery and finally contralateral peroneal nerve palsy also operated. ⋯ Postoperative course was favorable. Literature reports peroneal nerve palsy after slimming, mostly when weight loss is fast and marked although the issue is rarely bilateral.
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Surgery for diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG) was debated for a long time. Discrepancies in the classical literature are mainly due to the lack of objective radiological assessment of the extent of resection (EOR). Here, the goal is to review the recent data on oncological and functional outcomes. ⋯ These recent data strongly argue in favor of achieving a maximal resection of DLGG as the first therapeutic option. Biopsy should be considered only in very diffuse lesions (gliomatosis) or when a subtotal resection is not a priori possible. Thus, neurosurgeons should change their mind, by operating the brain involved by a chronic tumoral disease rather than by trying to remove a "tumor mass". The aim is not to achieve a simple "tumorectomy", but the most extensive resection of the brain invaded by DLGG, on the condition that this part of the brain is not crucial for cerebral functions. This new philosophy suggests to perform early and maximal resection according to functional (and not purely oncological or anatomical) boundaries in awake patients. This perspective is the best way to build a personalized "functional surgical neuro-oncology".
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Lumbar disc herniation (LDH) at the level of non-displaced spondylolysis (isthmic spondylolisthesis) is an uncommon association rarely evaluated in the literature. In this study, authors examine whether the continuous posterior epidural fat between the dura mater and spinous process (continuous double-hump sign) at the level of LDH is a valuable tool to identify patients with non-displaced spondylolysis on MRI. ⋯ Non-displaced spondylolysis may be associated with adjacent LDH. Although uncommon, it is important for neurosurgeons to be aware of this association because of its implication on the therapeutical management. MRI is not always sufficient to recognize a non-displaced spondylolysis with certainty; however "continuous double-hump sign" may be used as a simple valuable diagnosis tool.