Turk Neurosurg
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To investigate high-intensity zone (HIZ) changes after lumbar posterior dynamic instrumentation. ⋯ Dynamic lumbar stabilization systems are promising. Observations such as Pfirrmann grade improvements and disappearance of HIZs are concordant with improvements in VAS and ODI scores demonstrate that dynamic stabilization systems may provide an environment for regeneration.
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To compare the safety and efficacy of spinal anesthesia (SA) in patients undergoing lumbar microdiscectomy (LM). ⋯ In patients who undergo lumbar disc surgery, SA is a good alternative for experienced surgeons because of a more comfortable healing process.
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Vertebral artery injury including thrombosis, arteriovenous fistula (AVF), pseudo-aneurysm and hemorrhage may be iatrogenic or due to penetrating or blunt trauma. Although mostly asymptomatic, vertebral artery injury may also present with vertebrobasilar insufficiency findings, cephalgia, radicular pain or myelopathy due to blockade of arterial flow, arterial steal phenomenon and venous hypertension. ⋯ Endovascular treatment is now used more commonly. We present a case with sharp bread knife injury of the vertebral artery that was also complicated with a vertebrojugular fistula and pseudo-aneurysm together with the diagnostic and management options and a review of the current literature.
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Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) relieves motor dysfunction in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). However, STN DBS treated patients can experience unpleasant and debilitating psychiatric side effects such as depression and impulsivity. The neural basis of these psychiatric effects has been linked to a dysfunction of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) neurotransmission. STN DBS inhibited activity of 5-HT cell bodies in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN). Another important 5-HT source is located in the median raphe nucleus (MRN), which also contains a population of dopamine neurons. The effects of STN DBS on the MRN are unknown. Here, we test the hypothesis that STN DBS reduces 5-HT and dopaminergic function in the MRN, which may contribute to the psychiatric side effects of STN stimulation. ⋯ These results show that STN DBS inhibits 5-HT and dopamine neurotransmission in the MRN.
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From January 2007 to April 2012, we performed 2427 surgical clippings for unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs). Among these patients, two cases showed symptomatic and angiographic cerebral vasospasm in the delayed post-operative period without a complicated event. ⋯ The pathogenesis and characteristics of these rare occurrences are reviewed from our two cases and previous literature. For clipping of UIAs, it should be kept mind that neurological symptoms are caused by delayed cerebral vasospasm, and careful observation with proper conservative treatment are necessary to ensure favorable outcomes.