World Neurosurg
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Cavernous carotid aneurysms are considered benign lesions with indolent natural history. Apart from idiopathic aneurysms, traumatic, iatrogenic, and mycotic aneurysms are common in the cavernous segment of the carotid artery. With rapid advances in endovascular therapy, management of cavernous carotid aneurysms has evolved. Our aim was to review the management options available for cavernous carotid aneurysms. ⋯ A thorough knowledge of all the options is paramount to individualize therapy. We discuss the indications of treatment, various management options for cavernous carotid aneurysms and their outcomes.
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To update outcomes and assess prognostic factors in the modern, multimodality treatment of patients with pineoblastoma. ⋯ Modern, multimodality treatment of pineoblastoma yields a high rate of overall survival, with acceptable short- and long-term toxicity. A greater M-stage at presentation and development of disease recurrence correlate with worse overall survival. Patients who received focal radiation initially experienced a greater rate of disease recurrence compared with those treated to the craniospinal axis.
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Pituitary surgery is a continuous evolving specialty of the neurosurgeons' armamentarium, which requires precise anatomic knowledge, technical skills, and integrated culture of the pituitary pathophysiology. Actually it cannot be considered only from a technical standpoint, but rather a procedure resulting from the close cooperation among different specialists (e.g., ophthalmologists, neuroradiologists, endocrinologists, neurosurgeons, otorhinolaryngologists, anesthesiologists, neurophysiologists, pathologists, instrument manufacturers). ⋯ The endoscopic approach offers some advantages due to the endoscope itself: a superior close-up view of the relevant anatomy and an enlarged working angle are provided with an increased panoramic vision inside the surgical area. Concerning results in terms of mass removal, relief of clinical symptoms, cure of the underlying disease, and complication rate, these are, at least, similar to those reported in the major microsurgical series, but patient compliance is by far better. Besides the advantages to the patients, the surgeons-because of the wider and closer view of the surgical target area and the increase of the scientific activity as from the peer-reviewed literature on the topic in the past 10 years, the smoothing of interdisciplinary cooperation-, and the institutions (shorter postoperative hospital stay and increase of the case load)- the adoption of endoscopy in transsphenoidal surgery has gained a strong foothold.
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Case Reports
Bypass using V2-V3 segment of the vertebral artery as donor or recipient: technical nuances and results.
Surgical revascularization (bypass) technique has been used to treat vascular diseases of the posterior circulation, including ischemia, aneurysms, and tumors encasing a major artery. We focused on procedures using the V2-V3 segment of the vertebral artery (VA) as either the donor or recipient of the bypass. We have described technical nuances developed over time and evaluated the surgical results of those cases. ⋯ The V2-V3 segment of the VA can be used both as a donor and a recipient for bypass surgery. Using the technical steps perfected over time, we are able to achieve surgical results with high rate of graft patency and good functional outcome in patients.
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The operative management of cystic vestibular schwannoma is more challenging. In this study, we focus on the peculiarity of cystic vestibular schwannoma in terms of management and outcome. We evaluated a homogenous series of consecutive patients with cystic vestibular schwannomas who were operated on with a similar technique and via the same surgical approach. ⋯ Surgery of cystic vestibular schwannomas is associated with a greater rate of morbidity and facial nerve dysfunction compared with the solid variant. Special attention is required during facial dissection to allow functional preservation, especially with tumors with medially located thin walled cysts. Meticulous hemostasis also is required to avoid postoperative hematoma. Close postoperative care is mandatory for early detection and prompt management of possible postoperative complications.