World Neurosurg
-
We aim to evaluate the complications of spinal cord stimulation (SCS). ⋯ In spite of the existence of several complications, SCS may be seen as a safe technique. Furthermore, the incidence of life-threatening complications is low. The physician must be alert to recognize them during the follow-up. Complications may be avoided or at least diminished by performing a proper and strict aseptic surgical technique as well as carrying out an accurate patient selection before the implantation, according to the recommendations published in the literature.
-
The endonasal route often provides the most direct and safe approach to skull base pathology. In this article we review the literature with regard to management of the paranasal sinuses in the setting of skull base surgery. ⋯ Careful management of the paranasal sinuses throughout the peri-operative course is paramount to optimizing sinonasal function and safety.
-
With increasing oversight of postoperative outcomes with the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, the reduction of readmissions is necessary to avoid financial penalties. This article provides a multi-institutional, multivariate analysis of the pre- and postoperative patient factors associated with readmission after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). ⋯ Readmission after CEA occurs at a comparatively high rate. Preoperative bleeding disorders, diabetes, cerebrovascular accidents, and age and postoperative surgical-site infection, myocardial infarction, sepsis/septic shock, pneumonia, and cerebrovascular accident were associated with readmission. These findings may help guide the surgical management of patients and prevent costly readmissions.
-
Sylvian hematoma in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with a poor prognosis. Although active bleeding can be detected by multiphase dynamic enhanced computed tomography (CT), bleeding from vessels in the Sylvian fissure has also been found in Sylvian hematoma. We investigated possible origins of Sylvian hematoma based on novel imaging findings of multiphase enhanced CT. ⋯ Sylvian hematomas may be caused secondarily by multiple bleeds from small vessels together with aneurysm rupture.
-
Monocyte-derived cells of the brain (MDCB) are a diverse group of functional immune cells that are also highly abundant in gliomas. There is growing evidence that MDCB play essential roles in the pathogenesis of gliomas. The aim of this review was to collate and systematize contemporary knowledge about these cells as they relate to glioma progression and antiglioblastoma therapeutic modalities with a view toward improved effectiveness of therapy. ⋯ Elucidating the role of mononuclear-derived cells associated with gliomas is crucial in designing novel immunotherapy strategies. Much progress is needed to characterize markers to identify cell subsets and their specific regulatory roles. Investigation of MDCB can be clinically relevant. Specific MDCB populations potentially can be used for glioma therapy as a target or as cell vehicles that might deliver cytotoxic substances or processes to the glioma microenvironment.