World Neurosurg
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Review Historical Article
Renaissance Neurosurgery: Italy's Iconic Contributions.
Various changes in the sociopolitical milieu of Italy led to the increasing tolerance of the study of cadavers in the late Middle Ages. The efforts of Mondino de Liuzzi (1276-1326) and Guido da Vigevano (1280-1349) led to an explosion of cadaver-centric studies in centers such as Bologna, Florence, and Padua during the Renaissance period. ⋯ With increased understanding came new techniques to address various neurosurgical problems from skull fractures to severed peripheral nerves. The present study aims to review the major developments in Italy during the vibrant Renaissance period that led to major progress in the field of neurosurgery.
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Predicting outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury is critically important for making sound clinical decisions. This study aimed at determining the prognostic value of the Rotterdam scoring system to predict early death among these patients. ⋯ Rotterdam score is an independent factor for predicting outcomes among patients with traumatic brain injury. At the cutoff score of 4, the Rotterdam system can predict outcomes among patients suffering from traumatic brain injury with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.
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To examine the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) plasma levels and the outcome of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ There was a significant correlation in this study between plasma Hcy levels and severity of trauma and prognosis in patients with TBI.
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To corroborate which pretreatment angioarchitectural characteristics and posttreatment magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features were associated with better seizure and antiepileptic drug outcomes in patients with brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) treated by Gamma Knife radiosurgery. ⋯ This study suggests that radiosurgery provides favorable outcomes in patients with AVM-related epilepsy. Patients with intracranial AVMs can benefit from seizure control after GKRS before undergoing AVM obliteration. Absence of retrograde veins is associated with better seizure-free outcomes, regardless of the parenchymal changes after radiosurgery.
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Intracranial aneurysms constitute a significant part of the caseload for any neurosurgical service. Despite the occurrence of intracranial aneurysms and the availability of advanced diagnostic tools and management options, there is a paucity of published data concerning aneurysm patterns in Kenya. ⋯ Most patients were postmenopausal women, who had a higher rate of aneurysms with an elevated risk of rupture for small aneurysms; this suggests that clinicians need to be more vigilant and have a higher index of suspicion in such patients with subtle clinical signs. This study revealed a pattern of aneurysms in accord with previous reports and is expected to serve as a basis for further research on aneurysm management, outcome, and prognostic indicators in the Kenyan population.