World Neurosurg
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Review Case Reports
Insular and Sylvian Fissure Dermoid Cyst with Giant Cell Reactivity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Dermoid cysts are rare intracranial tumors that are most commonly found infratentorially and along the midline. Characterized by slow growth and often found incidentally, these lesions can nonetheless have severe complications, notably rupture leading to chemical meningitis. They infrequently present as a supratentorial and lateralized mass. As such, sylvian fissure dermoid cysts are exquisitely rare. We present a rare case of a dermoid cyst with giant cell reactivity suggestive of focal rupture and chronic inflammation. ⋯ The dermoid cyst in our patient was not grossly ruptured, but histopathologic analysis revealed giant cell reactivity, which may indicate focal rupture or chronic inflammation. The relationship between rupture of dermoid cysts and inflammation is not well elucidated. It is not known whether symptoms occur immediately after rupture or as an acute manifestation of a chronic process following rupture. As these lesions are quite rare and rupture is even rarer, more diligence on our part regarding details of histopathology for dermoid cysts is necessary.
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Case Reports Multicenter Study
Pipeline Embolization Device for Recurrent Cerebral Aneurysms after Microsurgical Clipping.
Microsurgical clipping is regarded as the most durable treatment for cerebral aneurysms. Aneurysm recurrence after clipping is uncommon and is associated with an increased risk of rupture. Reoperation for recurrent cerebral aneurysms is particularly challenging because of adhesions and scaring, and it carries a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Pipeline embolization as a treatment option for recurrent aneurysms has rarely been reported. ⋯ PED for recurrent aneurysms after clipping may be a feasible alternative to reoperation. In our experience, treatment with PED for these aneurysms is safe and efficacious.
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Temporo-occipital junction arteriovenous malformations (TOJ-AVMs) do not often involve eloquent brain cortex, but rather exist beside functional fiber tracts. The objective of this study was to determine the outcomes after surgical treatment in patients with TOJ-AVMs and to identify risk factors associated with postoperative neurologic deficits. ⋯ Patients with TOJ-AVMs have a high risk of surgical morbidity, although they often have relatively low S-M scores; LFD is a crucial risk factor associated with postoperative neurologic deficits in patients with TOJ-AVMs.
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Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Infants are in the high-risk category. Complete surgical resection is the single most important determinant of prognosis and survival in nonmetastatic disease. Infants with large primaries after incomplete resection/biopsy and poor general condition have bad prognosis. They are considered poor candidates for intensive chemotherapy involving high dose methotrexate/autologous stem cell transplantation as they are often unable to tolerate these aggressive regimens. ⋯ We suggest that the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be explored in patients with infantile medulloblastoma in whom upfront complete resection is not possible, considering the gratifying results obtained in our case.
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Although intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (iMRI) increasingly is used during glioma resection, its role in skull base surgery has not been well documented. In this study, we evaluate our experience with iMRI for skull base surgery. ⋯ Despite the unique challenges associated with skull base tumor surgery, iMRI can be safely obtained while adding a modest although not prohibitive amount of time to the procedure. The immediate evidence of residual tumor with a patient still in position to have additional resection may influence the surgeon to alter the surgical plan and attempt further resection in a critical area.