World Neurosurg
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Review Case Reports
Surgical treatment of intramedullary spinal metastasis in medulloblastoma: case report and review of literature.
Medulloblastomas are common childhood central nervous system tumors that are prone to leptomeningeal spread. Intramedullary dissemination is rare with very few case reports existing in the available literature. ⋯ Intramedullary metastasis of medulloblastoma remains a rare disease. Surgical resection might play a possible role in management in addition to radiation and chemotherapy.
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Review Case Reports
Extra Pontine Myelinolysis And Reversible Parkinsonism After Hyponatremia Correction In A Case Of Pituitary Adenoma: Hypopituitarism As A Predisposition For Osmotic Demyelination.
Osmotic demyelination syndrome commonly follows rapid correction of hyponatremia. Although pons is a common location, extrapontine locations, such as striatum and thalamus, have been reported. ⋯ Extrapontine myelinolysis with parkinsonism and asymptomatic central pontine myelinolysis is rare with few cases described in the literature. Our patient had a pituitary adenoma with hyponatremia requiring sodium correction, and we believe that hypopituitarism might have predisposed her to osmotic demyelination. We reviewed relevant literature on extrapontine myelinolysis in suprasellar tumors and the pathophysiology. Hypopituitarism is an underrecognized cause of hyponatremia. When treating a patient with hyponatremia, knowing the pituitary function status is a prerequisite for the physician to prevent osmotic demyelination syndrome.
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Meningiomas that compress the optic nerve (ON) can lead to different visual outcomes depending on the segment of ON affected (intraorbital, canalicular, and intracranial). In this study, we performed a comprehensive comparison of the management options (surgery, radiation, or observation alone) for meningiomas compressing the ON, categorized by location and relation to the ON. ⋯ When a neurosurgeon deals with a meningioma compressing the ON, opening the optic canal is suggested if invasion is suspected on the preoperative imaging. Extra caution should be used when operating on meningiomas with ON sheath adhesion, given the higher evidence of postoperative visual worsening.
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Review Case Reports
Sympathetic plexus schwannoma of carotid canal: two cases with surgical technique and review of literature.
Carotid sympathetic plexus schwannomas are rare, and only 3 cases have been reported to the best of our knowledge. We report the fourth and fifth cases and define its origin on the basis of the exact division of the plexus from which the tumor arises. The surgical approach and technique in each variety and the postoperative outcome are also described. The relationship of partial Horner syndrome with the sympathetic plexus schwannoma of the internal carotid artery is discussed in detail.
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Review Case Reports
Primary Spinal Cord Small-Cell Glioblastoma: A Case Report and Literature Review.
Approximately 2%-10% of all central nervous system tumors are primary spinal cord tumors (SCTs). Spinal cord glioblastoma is a rare tumor type accounting for 1%-3% of all SCTs and 7.5% of all spinal cord gliomas. Notably, the small-cell variant of spinal cord glioblastoma is even rarer with only 2 previously reported cases. ⋯ To the best of our knowledge, this is only the third reported case of small-cell spinal cord glioblastoma. The aggressive nature of this tumor variant reduces overall survival rate regardless of the treatment.