World Neurosurg
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Adults with Chiari malformation type 1 (CM1) often report cognitive impairment. This cross-sectional study investigates the cognitive and emotional functioning of a sample of adults with CM1 who presented for neurosurgical evaluation prior to intervention. ⋯ The CM1 group displayed subtle learning, semantic fluency, and complex construction difficulties compared with healthy control subjects. Although not correlated with cognition, adults with CM1 are at high risk for clinical depression.
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We compared the depression levels of juvenile and adolescent patients with idiopathic scoliosis who had undergone bracing and identified the factors that influenced the extent of depression in these patients. ⋯ Patients with AIS and JIS who had undergone bracing showed differences in the extent of depression, and female adolescents were more vulnerable to depressive psychological status. Higher levels of cognitive function and independence and older age at bracing, longer bracing duration, larger Cobb angle, negative parental attitudes, and undesirable Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scores contributed to greater depression.
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Comparative Study
Validity of a smartphone application (SagittalMeter Pro) for the measurement of sagittal balance parameters.
The study was aimed to compare the validity, reproducibility, precision, and efficiency of a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and a smartphone application, which is an educative app to easily measure sagittal balance parameters (SagittalMeter Pro), for measuring spinopelvic sagittal parameters. ⋯ The study shows PACS and SagittalMeter Pro are equivalent in terms of their abilities to measure spinopelvic sagittal parameters, and that the time required to obtain measurements was significantly less for SagittalMeter Pro. We believe that SagittalMeter Pro may be helpful when planning spinal surgery.
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Visuospatial features of neuroanatomy are likely the most difficult concepts to learn in anatomy. Three-dimensional (3D) modalities have gradually begun to supplement traditional 2-dimensionanl representations of dissections and illustrations. We have introduced and described the workflow of 2 innovative methods-photogrammetry (PGM) and structured light scanning (SLS)-which have typically been used for reverse-engineering applications. In the present study, we have described a novel application of SLS and PGM that could enhance medical education and operative planning in neurosurgery. ⋯ The application of 3D computer graphics to neurosurgical applications has shown great promise. SLS and PGM can facilitate the construction of VMs with high accuracy and quality that can be used and shared in a variety of 3D platforms. Similarly, the technical demands are not high; thus, it is plausible that neurosurgeons could become quickly proficient and enlist their use in education and surgical planning. Although SLS is preferable in settings in which high accuracy is required, PGM is a viable alternative with a short learning curve.
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Stereotactic needle biopsy provides a minimally invasive option for the diagnosis of intracranial lesions but is limited by inconclusive diagnoses on frozen pathology. For rapid pathology, 5-aminovelunic acid and sodium fluorescein have previously demonstrated potential as diagnostic adjuvants. Stereotactic biopsy with near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores has not been reported. We identified 5 representative cases using NIR fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) administered in a high dose, delayed manner. ⋯ SWIG provides rapid intraoperative confirmation of pathologic brain tissue by permeating neoplastic or inflammatory brain tissue via a mechanism similar to that of gadolinium enhancement. SWIG-guided stereotactic biopsy can improve surgical efficiency by enhancing confidence in acquisition of target tissue.