World Neurosurg
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This thesis uses the traditional Chinese medicine theory as its background. This article analyzes in detail the visual teaching system for acupuncture on the human body to solve the problems of insufficient teaching resources and waste of corpses used in teaching. The dissertation is based on the mobile platform development technology of the Android operating system. ⋯ This system presents acupuncture knowledge with mobile learning method. It can be displayed systematically on the selected human acupoint anatomy teaching model for 14 common clinical conditions. This article provides an intuitive and dynamic teaching method by presenting a system should realize modern digital teaching and application of traditional acupuncture theory.
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Case Reports
Cranial Vault Reconstruction and Evacuation of Hemorrhage Following a Bifrontal Gunshot Wound to the Brain.
Civilian gunshot wounds to the brain are associated with high overall mortality; however, outcomes can vary significantly depending on bullet trajectory. This report details the outcome of a patient who sustained a bifrontal gunshot wound with multiple associated calvarial and frontal sinus fractures. Although surgery for penetrating brain injury is most frequently employed for relief of mass effect and decompression of vital structures, this case report describes a more comprehensive technique involving duroplasty, obliteration of the frontal sinus, and cranial vault reconstruction with the aim of decreasing the rate of cerebrospinal fluid leak, infection, reoperation, and readmission.
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Simulation models enable trainees to master microsurgical skills before performing surgeries. Vascular bypass is a critical component of cerebrovascular and many nonneurologic procedures. However, most available bypass training models lack important spatial, tactile, and physiologic aspects of real surgery. Animal and placental models provide true physiology but are expensive. While some models adequately simulate superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery bypass, there is no model for side-to-side distal anterior cerebral artery bypass. The objective is to create a realistic and inexpensive training model for this important procedure. ⋯ This grapefruit model provides a realistic simulation of side-to-side distal anterior cerebral artery bypass procedure that can be inexpensively and easily implemented in nearly any resource environment.
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Case Reports
Enlarging Perivascular Spaces Following Radiation Therapy in the Brain: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.
Virchow-Robin or enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS) are benign pial-lined spaces that surround penetrating arteries and arterioles through the brain parenchyma. We present 2 cases of enlarging PVS in adults following whole-brain radiation therapy. ⋯ Enlarging PVS can occur years after radiation therapy to the brain parenchyma. Recognition of these benign PVS is important so as not to mistake the changes for more sinister pathology that could lead to unnecessary intervention. Moreover, focal cystic changes more frequently seen surrounding areas of focal brain radiation therapy might represent enlarged PVS.
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Late radiation necrosis is a rare entity presenting in 2.2% to 9% of radiation-treated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). It occurs by a mean of 3 years following treatment. There are few reports in the literature of radionecrosis and solid lesions treated with surgery.1-4 To the authors' knowledge, this case has the longest interval between radiosurgery and the presentation of cerebral necrosis. ⋯ The patient's symptoms resolved completely, and the postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan showed complete resection and resolution of the edema. The histopathological findings were consistent with a radionecrosis and AVM. The patient signed the Institutional Consent Form, which states that she accepts the procedure and allows the use of her images and videos for any type of medical publications in conferences and/or scientific articles.