World Neurosurg
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Perimedullary arteriovenous fistulas (pAVFs) of the anterior cervical spinal cord are rare and difficult to eradicate by surgery because of the limitations of the approach routes. Because of the anatomic relationships, an anterior approach with corpectomy can provide direct observation. However, a narrow corridor to the lesion is the drawback of this approach. Therefore, to overcome this limitation, we introduced angled endoscopes integrated with fluorescence video angiography to observe the real-time blood flow. ⋯ The anterior approach with endoscopic assistance is a reasonable strategy for the treatment of ventrally located cervical pAVFs. Furthermore, integration of a fluorescence video angiography system with the endoscope enables confirmation of the complicated real-time hemodynamics of the pAVFs, contributing to reliable treatment.
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Late radiation necrosis is a rare entity presenting in 2.2% to 9% of radiation-treated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). It occurs by a mean of 3 years following treatment. There are few reports in the literature of radionecrosis and solid lesions treated with surgery.1-4 To the authors' knowledge, this case has the longest interval between radiosurgery and the presentation of cerebral necrosis. ⋯ The patient's symptoms resolved completely, and the postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan showed complete resection and resolution of the edema. The histopathological findings were consistent with a radionecrosis and AVM. The patient signed the Institutional Consent Form, which states that she accepts the procedure and allows the use of her images and videos for any type of medical publications in conferences and/or scientific articles.
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Retained old cerebrospinal fluid diversion shunt catheters in the neck, chest, or abdominal walls are frequently encountered in patients with lifelong shunt-dependent hydrocephalus who have undergone multiple shunt revisions. Particularly in cases where years and decades go between shunt revisions, the distal catheter portion can get calcified and nearly impossible to remove. Most patients tolerate a retained shunt catheter without problems. In some patients, however, retained catheters can cause pain and discomfort, particularly over the clavicle with head movements. Albeit trivial, we are unaware of innovative solutions to this problem. Here, we describe the use of an endoscopic vein harvest device used in cardiothoracic surgery to completely remove an old, calcified shunt catheter. ⋯ The endoscopic vein harvesting system used in cardiothoracic surgery is a suitable instrument to remove long segments of a retained ventriculoperitoneal shunt catheter minimally invasively through a small skin incision. To our knowledge, this is the first report of minimally invasive removal of a retained ventriculoperitoneal catheter.
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This article analyzes computed tomography (CT) angiography and CT perfusion imaging parameters of patients with cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction, and explores its diagnostic value and clinical significance in the diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction. ⋯ Studies have confirmed that changes in brain CT perfusion imaging parameters can reflect changes in brain blood perfusion to diagnose nerve damage, and mean transit time and time to peak are the most sensitive during the diagnosis. CT angiography can detect the degree of stenosis and has important clinical value for the etiology of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction.