World Neurosurg
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It is well-established that deep brain stimulation (DBS) can improve motor function in those with Parkinson disease (PD); however, its effects on gastrointestinal disorders remain unclear. ⋯ A delayed gastric emptying time is associated with greater PD severity. Antiparkinsonian medications did not affect gastric emptying in patients with PD. STN DBS can improve both movement function and gastrointestinal motility in patients with PD in the long term. The exact mechanism by which DBS improves gastric emptying requires further exploration.
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Glycolysis is an important metabolic manner in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)'s rapid growth. It has been reported that glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1) is low-expressed in GBM and patients with high-expressed GOT1 have better prognosis. However, the effect and mechanism of GOT1 on glycolysis and malignant phenotypes of GBM cells are still unclear. ⋯ GOT1 could impair glycolysis by interacting with PC and further inhibit the malignant phenotypes of GBM cells.
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Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a safe and effective procedure but has approach-related complications like postoperative dysphagia and dysphonia (PDD). Patient-reported outcome measures including the Hospital for Special Surgery Dysphagia and Dysphonia Inventory (HSS-DDI) have been used for the assessment of PDD. Various factors have been described that affect ACDF outcomes, and our aim was to investigate the effect of workers' compensation (WC) status. ⋯ WC status was associated with a worse HSS-DDI score but could not be shown to be an independent risk factor for PDD. The preoperative NDI score was a strong predictor for PDD with a clinically relevant difference in the HSS DDI score (P < 0.0001). Surgeon awareness of risk factors for PDD such as WC status, even if it could not be shown as independent, is important as it may influence surgical decision making and managing patient expectations.
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Meningiomas and gliomas are common benign and malignant primary brain tumors, respectively. One of the most prominent features of aggressive malignancies contributing to their progression is their ability to cope with hypoxia. Therefore, glioma tumors are expected to better cope with adverse hypoxic conditions and, consequently, display significantly different expression levels of hypoxia-adaptive genes. ⋯ These results imply that these genes can possibly be implicated in brain tumor hypoxia-adaptation response with tumor-specific roles and patterns of expression.
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Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been identified as a risk factor for poorer outcomes following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). This study aims to evaluate the impact DM has on achievement of MCID (minimum clinically important difference) following ACDF. ⋯ Although moderate intergroup differences in MCID achievement were demonstrated, the results of this study suggest that patients may realize similar benefits of ACDF surgery regardless of DM status.