World Neurosurg
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Transvenous embolization is a new treatment for spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-venous fistula, with only 1 reported large case series from the center that invented this technique. ⋯ Transvenous embolization for the treatment of CSF-venous fistula is feasible and seems effective in the short-term. The results reported by the previous case series can be reproduced in other centers with available expertise and adherence to published diagnostic and treatment protocols.
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Hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure secondary to human immunodeficiency virus-related cryptococcal meningitis are rare in children. The role and outcomes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting in children are not well reported. We report our experience with CSF shunting in the management of this condition in children over a 14-year period. ⋯ This study is the largest series reporting on CSF shunting of hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure in children with human immunodeficiency virus-related cryptococcal meningitis. Treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt and lumboperitoneal shunt regardless of the CD4 count is an important option in suitable children to reduce mortality.
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The purpose of this study was to suggest appropriate indications and contraindications for full endoscopic surgery and to predict the prognosis for the incidence of complications by reviewing the literature on full endoscopic lumbar decompression for various spinal stenoses and systematically analyzing the contraindications and complications of endoscopic surgery. ⋯ Full endoscopic lumbar surgery, including transforaminal and interlaminar decompression, is a safe and effective surgical option for treating lumbar spinal stenosis; however, it is important to select the transforaminal or interlaminar approach according to the indication.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an essential and common health problem worldwide. Levosimendan is an inotropic and vasodilator drug used to treat heart failure. Moreover, it exerts pleiotropic effects and, thus, protective effects on many organs. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of levosimendan on necrosis, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species in rats with TBI. ⋯ Our results indicated that levosimendan may exert a neuroprotective effect by reducing necrosis in TBI and that levosimendan does not affect apoptosis and antioxidant levels in TBI. Comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the effect of levosimendan on TBI fully.
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Given the neurotrauma that soldiers might face during wars, a byproduct of such devastating neurosurgical conditions can be novel data, which can act as a catalyst for potentially paradigm-shifting research. We aimed to identify the impact of major U.S. military campaigns on military neurosurgery literature across defined time periods. ⋯ Since World War II, the military has contributed significant historical developments to neurosurgery, the most prominent being after the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and the introduction of the Department of Defense Trauma Registry.