World Neurosurg
-
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an essential and common health problem worldwide. Levosimendan is an inotropic and vasodilator drug used to treat heart failure. Moreover, it exerts pleiotropic effects and, thus, protective effects on many organs. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of levosimendan on necrosis, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species in rats with TBI. ⋯ Our results indicated that levosimendan may exert a neuroprotective effect by reducing necrosis in TBI and that levosimendan does not affect apoptosis and antioxidant levels in TBI. Comprehensive studies are needed to elucidate the effect of levosimendan on TBI fully.
-
Given the neurotrauma that soldiers might face during wars, a byproduct of such devastating neurosurgical conditions can be novel data, which can act as a catalyst for potentially paradigm-shifting research. We aimed to identify the impact of major U.S. military campaigns on military neurosurgery literature across defined time periods. ⋯ Since World War II, the military has contributed significant historical developments to neurosurgery, the most prominent being after the Iraq and Afghanistan wars and the introduction of the Department of Defense Trauma Registry.
-
Case Reports
Traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the occipital artery treated with open surgical ligation: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.
Scalp pseudoaneurysms occur most commonly because of trauma and are often in the superficial temporal artery due to the lack of soft tissue coverage between skin and bone, making it more vulnerable anatomically.1,2 Pseudoaneurysms of the occipital artery (OA) also occur but are extremely rare.2-4 An 80-year-old man presented with scalp bleeding and a small left-sided posterior scalp laceration after a fall and head strike 10 days prior. He was admitted and during his 2-week hospital stay, the occipital laceration continued to rebleed (Video 1). He developed a 2-cm pulsatile ulcerative mass with central necrosis on the left nuchal ridge. ⋯ The clinical presentation of this case was unique because this patient had an ulcerated lesion with central necrosis overlying the pseudoaneurysm. Endovascular management alone would not address the open lesion, which is at high risk for infection. The risk of infection would increase after embolization of the occipital artery, causing further necrosis of the tissue.
-
Superficial temporal artery (STA)-middle cerebral artery (MCA) bypass is used to augment flow in various cases. We present a patient with a refractory right MCA transient ischemic attack and a minor stroke. He was perfusion dependent. ⋯ This was done via a small single incision and craniotomy. We present here the details of the techniques and surgical nuances (Video 1). The patient consented to the procedure and to the publication of his or her own images.
-
To evaluate surgical outcomes and fusion rate following spinal fusion surgery in patients with chronic kidney disease and assess the impact of kidney function. ⋯ Surgeons should consider the possibility of high morbidity and pseudarthrosis associated with spine surgeries when operating on patients with ESRD.