J Orofac Pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Palmitoylethanolamide versus a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of temporomandibular joint inflammatory pain.
To carry out a randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) versus ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for pain relief in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis or arthralgia. PEA acts as an endogenous agent with an autacoid local inflammation antagonism and modulates mast cell behavior controlling both acute and chronic inflammation. ⋯ These data suggest that PEA is effective in treating TMJ inflammatory pain.
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To determine the available evidence in the literature for whether hypoxia-reperfusion injury plays a role in the pathogenesis of joint diseases in general and of osteoarthritis (OA) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in particular. ⋯ There is no evidence to support or reject the hypothesis that hypoxia reperfusion occurs in TMJ OA, and limited evidence is provided to support that hypoxia-reperfusion injury occurs in OA of the knee joint. Since the studies suggest differences between OA and other types of arthritis in relation to hypoxia-reperfusion mechanisms, further research in this field needs to distinguish OA from other types of arthritis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Experimental stressors alter hypertonic saline-evoked masseter muscle pain and autonomic response.
To test in a randomized controlled trial, if hypertonic saline (HS)-evoked pain and autonomic function are modulated by either a cold pressor test (CPT) or mental arithmetic stress induced by a paced auditory serial addition task (PASAT). ⋯ CPT and PASAT reduced HS-evoked masseter muscle pain and altered the autonomic response. The increase in heart rate following CPT and PASAT may be caused by different mechanisms. CPT reduced measures of efferent cardiac vagal (parasympathetic) activity, while the PASAT-induced increase in heart rate, but unchanged HRV, may suggest neurohumoral activation.
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To test the hypothesis that the effects of an experimental occlusal interference differ between individuals reporting a high or low frequency of wake-time oral parafunctions. ⋯ The application of an experimental occlusal interference has a different effect in individuals reporting a high or low frequency of oral parafunctions.
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To evaluate the relationship between preoperative resting arterial blood pressure and postoperative pain in patients undergoing nonsurgical root canal therapy. ⋯ This study has provided further evidence of a functional interaction between the cardiovascular and trigeminal pain regulatory systems. Understanding this complex relationship may lead to enhanced pain management strategies.