The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Clinician adherence to recommendations for screening of adolescents for sexual activity and sexually transmitted infection/human immunodeficiency virus.
To evaluate clinician adherence to guidelines for documentation of sexual history and screening for sexually transmitted infection (STI)/HIV infection during routine adolescent well visits. Secondary objectives were to determine patient and clinician factors associated with sexual history documentation and STI/HIV testing. ⋯ Pediatric primary care clinicians infrequently document sexual histories and perform STI and HIV testing on adolescent patients. Future studies should investigate provider beliefs, clinical decision-making principles, and perceived barriers to improve the sexual health care of adolescents and evaluate interventions to increase rates of adolescent sexual health screening.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Neonatal resuscitation in resource-limited settings: titrating oxygen delivery without an oxygen blender.
To test whether 4 commonly used self-inflating bags with a reservoir in situ can reliably deliver different oxygen concentrations (21%-100%) using a portable oxygen cylinder with flows of ≤5 L/min. ⋯ Self-inflating bags with a reservoir in situ can deliver a variety of oxygen concentrations without a blender, from <40% with 0.25 L/min oxygen flow to 100% with 5 L/min. The adjustment of oxygen flow may be a useful method of titrating oxygen in settings where air-oxygen blenders are unavailable.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Risk of bias in randomized trials of pharmacological interventions in children and adults.
To determine whether randomized controlled trials of pharmacologic interventions in children are more likely to be biased than similar trials in adults. ⋯ When randomized controlled trials are matched for drug class and therapeutic area, trials involving children display a similar risk of bias. Differences in the risk of bias between pediatric and adult trials are not caused by differences in the capacity of researchers to conduct and report trials of high quality.