The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
Emergency department ondansetron use in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and vomiting.
To assess the hypothesis that ondansetron administration to children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) presenting for emergency department (ED) care with intercurrent illness and vomiting improves clinical outcomes by reducing hospitalization rates (primary), length of ED stay, intravenous fluid (IVF) administration, and revisits (secondary outcomes). ⋯ Ondansetron administration was not independently associated with lower admission rates. Over time, along with increasing ondansetron use, there have been reductions in admissions, length of stay, and IVF administration in children with T1DM.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMulticenter randomized controlled trial of inhaled nitric oxide for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.
To test the hypothesis that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) would lead to improved oxygenation and a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ The use of iNO was associated with a significantly reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and significantly greater rate of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-free survival.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
ReviewPharmacologic treatment in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders: a systematic review.
To systematically review literature assessing efficacy and safety of pharmacologic treatments in children with abdominal pain-related functional gastrointestinal disorders (AP-FGIDs). ⋯ Because of the lack of high-quality, placebo-controlled trials of pharmacologic treatment for pediatric AP-FGIDs, there is no evidence to support routine use of any pharmacologic therapy. Peppermint oil, cyproheptadine, and famotidine might be potential interventions, but well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
Metabolic assessment and individualized nutrition in children dependent on mechanical ventilation at home.
To evaluate the nutritional and metabolic status and body composition of children on long-term mechanical ventilation using a home-based model. ⋯ A majority of children on home ventilation are characterized by malnutrition, altered metabolic status, and suboptimal macronutrient intake, in particular low protein intake. A multidisciplinary home-based model facilitates individualized energy and protein delivery and may improve outcomes in this cohort.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of automated adjustment of the inspired oxygen on fluctuations of arterial and regional cerebral tissue oxygenation in preterm infants with frequent desaturations.
To assess the effect of automated adjustment of the inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) on arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (SctO2) in very low birth weight infants with frequent fluctuations in oxygenation. ⋯ Automated FiO2 control in preterm infants with frequent SpO2 fluctuations significantly increased the time within the SpO2 target range and reduced the incidence of prolonged hypoxemic events compared with manual FiO2 adjustment, but did not significantly affect cerebral tissue oxygenation.