The Journal of pediatrics
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2012
Clinical TrialInhaled nitric oxide therapy increases blood nitrite, nitrate, and s-nitrosohemoglobin concentrations in infants with pulmonary hypertension.
To measure the circulating concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) adducts with NO bioactivity after inhaled NO (iNO) therapy in infants with pulmonary hypertension. ⋯ Treatment of pulmonary hypertensive infants with iNO results in increases in levels of nitrite, nitrate, and S-nitrosohemoglobin in circulating blood. We speculate that these compounds may be carriers of NO bioactivity throughout the body and account for peripheral effects of iNO in the brain, heart, and other organs.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2012
Outcome of extremely low birth weight infants who received delivery room cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
To determine whether delivery room cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DR-CPR) independently predicts morbidities and neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in extremely low birth weight infants. ⋯ DR-CPR is a prognostic marker for higher rates of mortality and NDI for extremely low birth weight infants. New DR-CPR strategies are needed for this population.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2012
Multicenter StudyWidespread use of fresh frozen plasma in US children's hospitals despite limited evidence demonstrating a beneficial effect.
To determine the pattern, prevalence and potential complications of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) use in US pediatric hospitals from 2002-2009. ⋯ FFP is commonly used in children admitted to PHIS hospitals. Despite recent expert recommendations highlighting the lack of efficacy in many clinical scenarios, the rate of FFP use does not appear to be changing. Randomized, controlled studies are needed to determine appropriate indications for FFP use and evaluate for potential complications.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2012
Low rates of controller medication initiation and outpatient follow-up after emergency department visits for asthma.
To determine what proportion of patients who are seen in an emergency department (ED) for asthma receive inhaled corticosteroids or attend follow-up appointments. ⋯ Children with asthma seen in the ED have low rates of inhaled corticosteroid use and outpatient follow-up. This indicates a need for further interventions to increase the use of inhaled corticosteroids in response to ED visits.
-
The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2012
Carotid intima-media thickness at 7 years of age: relationship to C-reactive protein rather than adiposity.
According to the concept of adipose tissue expandability, the vascular complications of obesity are related less to the amount of stored fat than to the low-grade inflammation that excess fat storage may elicit. We tested this concept in 7-year-old children by assessing whether carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is related to obesity measures or to circulating highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), as a marker of low-grade inflammation. ⋯ At age 7 years, cIMT is already associated with low-grade inflammation, as measured by hsCRP, but not with BMI or body fat. These findings imply that public health strategies aimed at early prevention of cardiovascular disease may need to target low-grade inflammation rather than only BMI or adiposity.