The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialOral sucrose for heel lance increases adenosine triphosphate use and oxidative stress in preterm neonates.
To examine the effects of sucrose on pain and biochemical markers of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) degradation and oxidative stress in preterm neonates experiencing a clinically required heel lance. ⋯ A single dose of oral sucrose, given before heel lance, significantly increased ATP use and oxidative stress in premature neonates. Because neonates are given multiple doses of sucrose per day, randomized trials are needed to examine the effects of repeated sucrose administration on ATP degradation, oxidative stress, and cell injury.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialQuantitative end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring in the delivery room: a randomized controlled trial.
To investigate the utility of continuous quantitative end-tidal CO2 (Etco2) monitoring for managing assisted ventilation in the delivery room (DR). ⋯ Etco2 monitoring in the DR did not reduce the proportion of admission Pco2 levels outside of the prespecified range in a population of infants supported mostly with noninvasive ventilation.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyThe NOFLO trial: low-flow nasal prongs therapy in weaning nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants.
To determine if low-flow nasal prongs therapy with room air, compared with no treatment, facilitates weaning from nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) in very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight <1500 g) infants. ⋯ In this study, we did not demonstrate a benefit of low-flow room air via nasal prongs to wean VLBW infants from NCPAP.
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The Journal of pediatrics · May 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA randomized controlled trial to compare heated humidified high-flow nasal cannulae with nasal continuous positive airway pressure postextubation in premature infants.
To determine whether postextubation respiratory support via heated, humidified, high-flow nasal cannulae (HHHFNC) results in a greater proportion of infants younger than 32 weeks' gestation being successfully extubated after a period of endotracheal positive pressure ventilation compared with conventional nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP). ⋯ HHHFNC and NCPAP produced similar rates of extubation failure.
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The Journal of pediatrics · May 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized clinical trial evaluating nasal continuous positive airway pressure for acute respiratory distress in a developing country.
Invasive mechanical ventilation is often not an option for children with acute respiratory infections in developing countries. An alternative is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The authors evaluated the effectiveness of CPAP in children presenting with acute respiratory distress in a developing country. ⋯ CPAP decreases respiratory rate in children with respiratory distress compared with children not receiving CPAP. The technology was successfully used by local nurses. No complications were associated with its use. CPAP is a relatively low-cost, low-technology that is a safe method to decrease respiratory rate in children with nonspecific respiratory distress.