The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Sep 2001
Maternal and infant use of erythromycin and other macrolide antibiotics as risk factors for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.
To evaluate the risk for infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) among infants prescribed systemic erythromycin, infants prescribed a course of erythromycin ophthalmic ointment, and infants whose mothers were prescribed a macrolide antibiotic during pregnancy. ⋯ This study confirms an association between systemic erythromycin in infants and subsequent IHPS, with the highest risk in the first 2 weeks of age. No association was found with erythromycin ophthalmic ointment. A possible association with maternal macrolide therapy in late pregnancy requires further study. Systemic erythromycin should be used with prudence in early infancy.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialComparative efficacy of oral dexamethasone versus oral prednisone in acute pediatric asthma.
The objective was to determine whether 2 days of oral dexamethasone (DEX) is more effective than 5 days of oral prednisone/prednisolone (PRED) in improving symptoms and preventing relapse in children with acute asthma. ⋯ In children with acute asthma, 2 doses of dexamethasone provide similar efficacy with improved compliance and fewer side effects than 5 doses of prednisone.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2001
Intravenous nicardipine for treatment of severe hypertension in children.
To examine the effect of intravenous nicardipine in the treatment of children with severe hypertension. ⋯ When administered in the intensive care unit setting with close patient monitoring, intravenous nicardipine effectively lowered blood pressure in children with severe hypertension. Larger prospective studies should be conducted to confirm these findings.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEfficacy of fluticasone nasal spray for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
We tested the hypothesis that a 6-week course of a nasal glucocorticoid spray would decrease the severity of obstructive sleep apnea in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy. ⋯ Nasal fluticasone decreased the frequency of mixed and obstructive apneas and hypopneas, suggesting that topical corticosteroids may be helpful in ameliorating pediatric obstructive sleep apnea.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jun 2001
Effect of jaw-thrust and continuous positive airway pressure on tidal breathing in deeply sedated infants.
To examine the physiologic impact of the jaw-thrust maneuver or the administration of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on tidal breathing in deeply sedated infants. ⋯ Jaw-thrust and CPAP are effective techniques to improve ventilation of sedated infants undergoing interventions that compromise upper airway patency.