The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of albuterol delivered by a metered dose inhaler with spacer versus a nebulizer in children with mild acute asthma.
In children with mild acute asthma, to compare treatment with a single dose of albuterol delivered by a metered dose inhaler (MDI) with a spacer in either a weight-adjusted high dose or a standard low-dose regimen with delivery by a nebulizer. ⋯ In children with mild acute asthma, treatment with 2 puffs of albuterol by an MDI with spacer is just as clinically beneficial as treatment with higher doses delivered by an MDI or by a nebulizer.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 1999
Newborn hearing screening: will children with hearing loss caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection be missed?
To predict whether universal newborn auditory screening will identify most infants with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) caused by congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. ⋯ Universal screening of hearing in neonates will detect less than half of all SNHL caused by congenital CMV infection. Because most infants with congenital CMV infection are without symptoms at birth, these children are unlikely to be recognized as being at risk for SNHL and will not receive further hearing evaluations to detect late-onset hearing loss. A combined approach of universal screening of neonates for hearing, as well as for detection of congenital CMV infection, needs to be considered.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 1999
Comparative StudyPopulation pharmacokinetics of oral morphine and its glucuronides in children receiving morphine as immediate-release liquid or sustained-release tablets for cancer pain.
(1) To determine the pharmacokinetics of morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide (M6G), and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) in children with cancer receiving morphine as immediate-release morphine liquid or sustained-release tablets. (2) To determine differences with age within the group and from adults. (3) To explore relationships between plasma concentration and pain measurements. ⋯ Age differences in morphine pharmacokinetics exist within children and compared with adults. The study supports a starting dose of 1.5 to 2. 0 mg/kg/d to provide plasma morphine concentrations >12 ng/mL in children with cancer pain unrelieved by mild to moderate strength analgesia.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 1999
Case ReportsRetinal hemorrhages caused by accidental household trauma.
Traumatic retinal hemorrhages in young children are considered pathognomonic of child abuse. We identified 3 children with unilateral retinal hemorrhages caused by accidental household trauma. The hemorrhages were ipsilateral to intracranial hemorrhage and isolated to the posterior retinal pole.