The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialRandomized multicenter trial comparing synchronized and conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation in neonates.
To compare synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) and conventional intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV) in neonates. ⋯ We found that SIMV was at least as efficacious as conventional IMV, and may have improved certain outcomes in BW-specific groups.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1996
Procalcitonin as a marker for the early diagnosis of neonatal infection.
Serum procalcitonin was determined in newborn infants at the time of admission to the pediatrics or obstetrics unit. Increased levels were found in all neonates with bacterial sepsis. Neonates with viral infection, bacterial colonization, or neonatal distress had normal or slightly increased levels. These data suggest that procalcitonin might be of value in diagnosing neonatal sepsis.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1996
Recognition and management of nonpenetrating cardiac trauma in children.
To characterize the evaluation and clinical course of children with nonpenetrating injury to the heart. ⋯ Recognition of blunt cardiac trauma in children may be confounded by associated multisystem injury and the delayed onset of clinical manifestations. Echocardiography is a sensitive diagnostic tool for hemodynamically significant disease, and should be performed promptly when patients have unexplained hypotension or diminished peripheral perfusion.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1996
Colonization with antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in children with sickle cell disease.
Because of susceptibility to severe pneumococcal infection, children with sickle cell disease (SCD) routinely receive penicillin prophylaxis. Increasing rates of penicillin resistance have been reported throughout the world. Our objective was to assess the prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization with Streptococcus pneumoniae and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of the organisms in children with SCD. ⋯ Although penicillin prophylaxis and pneumococcal vaccine for patients with SCD have reduced overall nasopharyngeal colonization and disease caused by S. pneumoniae (p <0.001), a higher percentage of colonizing strains are now resistant both to penicillin and to other antimicrobial agents (p <0.01). Newer strategies for preventing disease and early management of suspected pneumococcal infection in these children must be developed.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Apr 1996
Deposition pattern of radiolabeled salbutamol inhaled from a metered-dose inhaler by means of a spacer with mask in young children with airway obstruction.
The exact amount of drug deposited in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract in children with airway obstruction, when delivered from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) via a spacer with mask, and its distribution in children with airway obstruction, are unknown. ⋯ Infants and toddlers with obstructive lung disease can be reliably and safely treated with inhaled medication administered with an MDI via a spacer with mask. The doses of a drug given from an MDI to infants and toddlers when a spacer with mask is used are not yet well defined but should be higher than the currently recommended doses, perhaps as much as an adult dose.