Exercise and sport sciences reviews
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Exerc Sport Sci Rev · Jul 2010
Too much sitting: the population health science of sedentary behavior.
Even when adults meet physical activity guidelines, sitting for prolonged periods can compromise metabolic health. Television (TV) time and objective measurement studies show deleterious associations, and breaking up sedentary time is beneficial. Sitting time, TV time, and time sitting in automobiles increase premature mortality risk. Further evidence from prospective studies, intervention trials, and population-based behavioral studies is required.
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Exerc Sport Sci Rev · Jan 2010
ReviewBalancing lymphedema risk: exercise versus deconditioning for breast cancer survivors.
Lymphedema, a common and feared negative effect of breast cancer treatment, is generally described by arm swelling and dysfunction. Risk averse clinical recommendations guided survivors to avoid the use of the affected arm. This may lead to deconditioning and, ironically, the very outcome women seek to avoid. Recently published studies run counter to these guidelines.
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Exerc Sport Sci Rev · Apr 2008
ReviewMetabolic adaptations to short-term high-intensity interval training: a little pain for a lot of gain?
High-intensity interval training (HIT) is a potent time-efficient strategy to induce numerous metabolic adaptations usually associated with traditional endurance training. As little as six sessions of HIT over 2 wk or a total of only approximately 15 min of very intense exercise (approximately 600 kJ), can increase skeletal muscle oxidative capacity and endurance performance and alter metabolic control during aerobic-based exercise.
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Exerc Sport Sci Rev · Jan 2008
Autonomic regulation of the association between exercise and diabetes.
The inverse association between physical activity and diabetes is attributable to a number of biologically plausible mechanisms. We hypothesize that physical activity-induced improvements in autonomic function are one mechanism by which higher levels of activity are inversely associated with diabetes development. Evidence in support of our hypothesis is derived from a combination of observational studies and clinical trials.
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Exerc Sport Sci Rev · Jul 2007
ReviewCold water immersion: the gold standard for exertional heatstroke treatment.
The key to maximize the chances of surviving exertional heatstroke is rapidly decreasing the elevated core body temperature. Many methods exist to cool the body, but current evidence strongly supports the use of cold water. ⋯ If lack of equipment or staff prevents immersion, a continual dousing with cold water provides an effective cooling modality. We refute the many criticisms of this treatment and provide scientific evidence supporting cold water immersion for exertional heatstroke.