J Med Syst
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Comparative Study
Trends of mortality rates during the last thirty years in Greece.
General mortality rates and specific mortality rates by major causes of death (coronary disease, cancer, tuberculosis, traffic accidents, suicide, vascular disorders of central neural system) in Greece have been studied throughout the 30-year period 1967--1996 and time trends have being calculated by nonlinear models of trend analysis. The results confirm the general pattern of decrease of mortality in Greece during the particular period of time as a result of the combination of the impact of two controversial trends: on one hand the decrease of infant mortality and mortality from infectious disorders and on the other the relatively slower and more gradual increase in mortality rates by disorders related to the western lifestyle culture, such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. During the period under study in Greece the impact of the second trend seems to inflict less severe implication in the formulation of the pattern of general mortality especially as women are concerned. This statistically significant and gradually increasing difference in mortality between men and women in Greece has been confirmed in general mortality time trends as well as in the evaluation of the relatively better pattern of mortality trends of women from particular "western lifestyle" disorders.
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Multicenter Study
Measuring patient satisfaction of the quality of health care: a study of hospitals in Turkey.
Patient satisfaction is an important measure of service quality in health care systems. Patients' perceptions about health care systems seem to have been largely ignored by health care managers in developing countries. ⋯ Factor analysis was utilized to determine the factor structure. The instrument of the patient satisfaction developed in this study provides insights to the researches who study the improvement of patient satisfaction with service quality of hospitals, practitioners, and the decision makers.
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The Health Services Research and Development (HSR&D) Service at the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Care System launched a Quality Enhancement Research Initiative (QUERI) in 1998. This study estimated health-care costs of nine diseases under the QUERI project and analyzed geographic differences in health-care costs and utilization across 22 VA Integrated Service Networks (VISNs), using a geographic information system (GIS). Patients with these diseases were identified from diagnoses recorded between October 1999 and September 2000. ⋯ Geographic differences of costs and health-care utilization across the 22 VISNs for chronic heart failure, diabetes, and spinal-cord injury were mapped using a GIS package. Average costs and patterns of health-care utilization varied substantially across the 22 VISNs. The observed differences in health-care utilization across geographic regions raised questions for further investigation.
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Errors due to look-alike or sound-alike medication names are common in the United States, and are responsible for thousands of deaths and millions of dollars in cost each year. Up to 25% of all medication errors are attributed to name confusion, and 33% to packaging and/or labeling confusion. Thousands of medication name pairs have been confused based on similar appearances or sounds when written or spoken, or have been identified as having the potential for confusion. Systems and recommendations have been developed that may reduce the occurrence of such errors.
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Each year, untold deaths occur because of medical and medication errors in the United States. In generally, most people have the naïve perception that the health-care enterprise is a fail-safe system and as such do not take proactive measures to prevent potential medication errors. ⋯ Patients and the health-care professionals must understand the need to see patients as part of the health-care team to ensure quality of care and decrease medication errors. A patient empowerment model to prevent medication error is therefore proposed.