European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · May 1993
ReviewUpdate on epidural analgesia during labor and delivery.
Properly administered epidural analgesia provides adequate pain relief during labor and delivery, shortens the first stage of labor, avoids adverse effects of narcotics, hypnotics, or inhalation drugs and it could be used as anesthesia in case a cesarean section is required. Epidural analgesia should be provided to all patients who need and ask for it with an exception of contraindications such as coagulation disorders, suspected infection or gross anatomic abnormality. ⋯ Supplementation of an opioid (mainly fentanyl) and introduction of the patient controlled epidural pump may not only serve this goal, but also reduce the demands on the time of obstetric anesthetists. We conclude that properly and skillfully administered epidural is the best form of pain relief during labor and delivery and we hope that more mothers could enjoy its benefits.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Feb 1993
Multicenter StudyPreliminary report of unexpected local reactions to a progestogen-releasing contraceptive vaginal ring.
This is the first report of vaginal erythematous areas associated with the use of a levonorgestrel-releasing contraceptive ring. Of 139 female subjects, 48 developed lesions of varying size and degrees of redness. Sixteen of these have undergone serial colposcopy and thirteen have also had biopsy examinations, which revealed acetowhite areas and, histologically, chronic inflammation with widely dilated vessels and frequently with thinning of the epithelium. The cause remains uncertain but hormonal, chemical and physical effects might all have a role.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Jan 1993
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialManagement of the third stage of labour in women at low risk of postpartum haemorrhage.
To compare active management with physiological management of the third stage of labour in women at low risk of postpartum haemorrhage. ⋯ This preliminary study confirms that active management results in a reduction in the length of the third stage of labour. However, it suggests that active management does not reduce blood loss when compared to physiological management in the woman at low risk of postpartum haemorrhage.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Oct 1992
Case ReportsManagement of eclampsia: cardiopulmonary arrest resulting from magnesium sulfate overdose.
An eclamptic seizure occurring at 32+2 weeks of gestation was treated with magnesium sulfate. Accidentally an overdose was given. ⋯ Pregnancy continued for 4 weeks after the accident. Both mother and child left the hospital in good condition.
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Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. · Sep 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparative study of intramuscular ketorolac and pethidine in labour pain.
A single dose block randomised double-blind study comparing intramuscular ketorolac, 50 mg of pethidine and 100 mg pethidine was carried out in multiparous women. Pain intensity and sedation effect were recorded at inclusion to the study, half hourly for the first 2 h, then hourly until 6 h after delivery. Maternal and neonatal side effects were noted including the Apgar scores and the baby's requirements for resuscitation. ⋯ Maternal sedation and fetal depression were statistically less in the ketorolac group. Although ketorolac had inferior analgesic effect, its use was not associated with clinically significant sequelae and it showed a superior safety profile compared with either dose of pethidine. The study was not powerful enough to detect a difference between 50 mg and 100 mg of pethidine.