Drug Des Dev Ther
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Despite the benefits of first and second generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors in the management of ALK-rearranged advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the development of acquired resistance poses an ongoing dilemma. Brigatinib has demonstrated a wider spectrum of preclinical activity against crizotinib-resistant ALK mutant advanced NSCLC. The current review narrates a brief history of tyrosine kinases, the development and clinical background of brigatinib (including its pharmacology and molecular structure) and its use in ALK-positive NSCLC.
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Various and opposite roles of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been reported in different studies. We aimed to investigate how EGCG affects the cerebral injury in a cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR) model of rat. ⋯ EGCG alleviated global cerebral IRI by restoring mitochondrial dysfunction and ERK modulation in a rat CA/CPR model, which might make it a potential candidate agent against IRI after CA/CPR in the future. Further study is needed to determine whether higher dosage of EGCG might aggravate cerebral IRI post-CA/CPR.
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Previous clinical studies reported inconsistent results on the associations of statins with the mortality and survival of lung cancer patients. This review and meta-analysis summarized the impact of statins on mortality and survival of lung cancer patients. ⋯ Statins were potentially associated with the decreasing risk of mortality and the improvement of overall survival in observational studies but not in randomized controlled trials.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of midazolam administration for the prevention of emergence agitation in pediatric patients with extreme fear and non-cooperation undergoing dental treatment under sevoflurane anesthesia, a double-blind, randomized study.
Background: Sevoflurane is generally the preferred anesthetic agent for general anesthesia in pediatric patients, due to its rapid induction and recovery characteristics. However, it has been recognized that a major complication is emergence agitation when awakening from general anesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence rate of emergence agitation in the operating room and postoperative recovery area following intraoperative administration of midazolam to pediatric patients under general anesthesia. ⋯ The odds ratio between PAED score and Disability was 2.5. Conclusion: Administration of a single dose of 0.1 mg/kg midazolam dose significantly decreases the incidence of severe emergence agitation at the emergence after sevoflurane anesthesia, but not at the recovery phase. Furthermore, the evaluation of sedative and agitation condition using RASS score at emergence from anesthesia is useful to predict occurrence of agitation in the recovery phase.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dexmedetomidine for the prevention of emergence delirium and postoperative behavioral changes in pediatric patients with sevoflurane anesthesia: a double-blind, randomized trial.
Emergence delirium (ED) is a common neurologic complication that can not only distress children and their families in the early postanesthetic period, but can also have adverse effects on children in the long-term. This study aimed to investigate the effects of single-dose dexmedetomidine on ED in children with sevoflurane anesthesia and to observe postoperative behavioral changes through long-term follow-up. ⋯ ChiCTR1800016828.