Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Dec 2009
Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics and clinical toxicity of prilocaine and ropivacaine following combined drug administration in brachial plexus anesthesia.
Local anesthetics (LA) are often administered in combination for regional anesthesia in order to obtain the specific advantages (onset and duration of effect) of each drug. However, few data on the safety of such combinations are available and consequently plasma concentrations possibly associated with toxicity and interactions between the specific anesthetics are not sufficiently established. We measured pharmacokinetics and toxicity parameters of prilocaine and ropivacaine after combined use as single doses in brachial plexus blockade. ⋯ The use of a combined prilocaine/ ropivacaine (300 mg/75 mg) dose regimen in patients given single dose for brachial plexus blockade can generally be regarded as safe with regard to peak plasma concentrations and cardiovascular toxicity and this holds true for patients with a higher perioperative risk profile (ASA III grading, American Society of Anesthesiologists). The considerable inter-individual variation in LA peak plasma concentrations observed in our patients and the one case of suspected accidental intravascular injection, highlight the necessity of adequate monitoring of the patients undergoing LA injections.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Dec 2009
Randomized Controlled TrialComparative pharmacodynamic time-course of bemiparin and enoxaparin in healthy volunteers.
Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are antithrombotic drugs that differ on biochemical and pharmacological properties. ⋯ Bemiparin 3500 IU showed more anti-Xa activity and higher anti-Xa: anti-IIa relationship than enoxaparin 4000 IU in healthy volunteers. Both treatments were well tolerated.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA randomized study of the serum pharmacokinetics of lower thoracic extended-release epidural morphine (DepoDur) after lidocaine-epinephrine test dose administration in patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery.
The primary objective was to evaluate the serum pharmacokinetic profile of a single 15-mg dose of extended-release epidural morphine (EREM) administered at the lower thoracic epidural space alone or following a lidocaine-epinephrine test dose in patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery. ⋯ The interaction between EREM and a lidocaine-epinephrine test dose administered at T8 - T12 can be minimized by waiting 15 minutes after test dose administration. The overall safety and effectiveness of 15 mg EREM administered at the lower thoracic epidural intervertebral space in patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery appears similar to that observed in previous studies assessing lumbar administration. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00728832.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Oct 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBioequivalence study of low-dose diclofenac potassium tablet formulations.
Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug with potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. An immediate-release formulation containing a low dose of 12.5 mg diclofenac-potassium (-K) is marketed as over the counter (OTC) medication in most European countries. An immediate-release formulation containing 25 mg diclofenac-K has now also been approved for OTC use. This study assessed the bioequivalence of two immediate-release diclofenac formulations when administered at the same dose. ⋯ The two diclofenac-K immediate release formulations were pharmacokinetically similar. It can be concluded that the new sugar-coated tablet formulation is equivalent to the available film-coated tablet formulation with respect to the extent of diclofenac absorption.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Oct 2009
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyBioequivalence study of two meloxicam tablet formulations after single-dose administration in healthy Thai male volunteers.
To compare the bioavailability of two meloxicam tablet formulations (MEL-OD, Zydus Cadila Healthcare Limited, India, as a test formulation and Mobic, Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Germany, as a reference formulation) in healthy Thai male volunteers under fasting condition. ⋯ It can be concluded that two meloxicam tablet formulations are bioequivalent both in term of rate and extent of absorption after single-dose administration under fasting condition.