Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Nov 2015
Review Meta AnalysisEffect of statins on the mortality and mechanical ventilation duration of acute lung injury patients: a meta-analysis of five randomized controlled trials.
Statins have been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects, but the association between statins and acute lung injury (ALI) remains controversial. Thus, we performed a meta-analysis of all published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aiming to summarize and evaluate the current evidence about the potential use of statins in ALI patients. ⋯ According to large and high-quality published clinical trials as also summarized by the present meta-analysis, there is insufficient evidence to support the use of statins in ALI patients.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jul 2015
Clinical relevance of genetic polymorphism in CYP2C9 gene to pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of phenytoin in epileptic patients: validatory pharmacogenomic approach to pharmacovigilance.
Variations in drug metabolizing genes are known to have a clinical impact on AED therapy. We genotyped normal and epileptic patient cohorts of monoethnic population of Kashmir valley for CYP2C9 gene and allelic polymorphism and investigated the effect of CYP2C9*2 and *3 polymorphism on the Pharmacokinetic and therapeutic and/or adverse pharmacodynamic responses to Phenytoin in the idiopathic epilepsy patients. ⋯ CYP2C9* 3 was the most frequent mutant allele found in healthy controls and idiopathic epilepsy patients of ethnic Kashmiri population. CYP2C9 genotype based phenytoin therapy is highly relevant in Kashmiri population due to a high incidence of genetic variations associated with therapeutic and adverse responses to phenytoin. Phenytoin AUC0â4 tends to correlate better with genetic polymorphism of CYP2C9.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jul 2015
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRelative bioavailability of a prototype oral solution of the Aurora A kinase inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) in patients with advanced solid tumors.
Alisertib (MLN8237) is an investigational, oral, small-molecule, selective inhibitor of Aurora A kinase. Phase I/II studies of powder-in-capsule (PIC) and enteric-coated tablet formulations of alisertib have determined the recommended phase II dose and have demonstrated anti-tumor activity. This phase I relative bioavailability study characterized the pharmacokinetics of a prototype oral solution (OS) of alisertib (developed for patients unable to swallow solid dosage forms) in reference to the PIC formulation in adult cancer patients. ⋯ These findings inform the starting dose of alisertib OS to support further clinical evaluation of alisertib in patients unable to swallow solid dosage forms.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jul 2015
Case ReportsAcute alcohol intoxication in a child following ingestion of an ethyl-alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
While uncommon, ingestion of ethanol-based hand sanitizers by children may be associated with significant intoxication. We report the case of a 7-year-old with acute alcohol intoxication following hand sanitizer ingestion. Alcohol elimination in this patient followed zero-order kinetics with a clearance rate of 22.5 mg/kg/h, consistent with the limited pharmacokinetic information available for children who experience alcohol intoxication from more traditional sources.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Jun 2015
Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of sugammadex 16 mg/kg in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Elimination of sugammadex occurs predominantly via the kidneys, with the majority of the drug excreted unchanged in the urine. To date, most studies with sugammadex have been performed in non-Asian populations. The objectives of this open-label study were to determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of single-dose sugammadex (16 mg/kg) in healthy Chinese adult volunteers. ⋯ PK of sugammadex (16 mg/kg) was characterized in healthy Chinese subjects. Overall between-subject variability on clearance and apparent volume of distribution was ~ 10%. Sugammadex was generally well tolerated.