Journal of psychosomatic research
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This daily diary study of individuals with fibromyalgia (FM) examined whether morning increases in loneliness relate to worsened evening bodily pain through afternoon negative pain cognitions. ⋯ Lonely episodes are associated with subsequent increases in negative patterns of thinking about pain, which in turn predict subsequent increases in bodily pain within a day. Because pain cognitions mediate the loneliness-pain link, FM interventions may benefit from addressing individuals' vulnerability to maladaptive cognitions following lonely episodes.
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To examine the associations between a wide range of mental disorders and subsequent onset of stroke. Lifecourse timing of stroke was examined using retrospectively reconstructed data from cross-sectional surveys. ⋯ Depression and alcohol abuse may have specific associations with incidence of non-fatal stroke. General severity of psychopathology may be a more important predictor of non-fatal stroke onset. Mental health treatment should be considered as part of stroke risk prevention. Limitations of retrospectively gathered cross sectional surveys design mean further research on the links between mental health and stroke incidence is warranted.
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Dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-s) is an anabolic protective hormone. We have previously reported that DHEA-s production capacity is attenuated in stressed individuals. The aim of the present study was to investigate the DHEA-s response during acute psychosocial stress in patients with clinical burnout. ⋯ The study indicates that DHEA-s production capacity during acute stress may be attenuated in patients with clinical burnout. Reduced DHEA-s production may constitute one of the links between stress, burnout and the associated adverse health.
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Severity of stroke and disability after stroke are major predictors of post-stroke depression (PSD). The prevalence of PSD in patients with minor stroke is expected to be low because minor stroke is characterized by mild neurological dysfunction. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of PSD in patients with minor ischemic stroke. ⋯ Approximately three in ten patients with first-ever minor ischemic stroke may develop depression during the first year after stroke. Female gender, smoking, mild global cognitive impairment, and stroke recurrence predict early-onset or late-onset PSD after minor ischemic stroke.
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The extent that randomized controlled trials (RCTs) accurately reflect intervention effectiveness depends on the completeness and accuracy of published results. A previous study found that only 40% of 63 RCTs published in top behavioral health journals in 2008-2009 clearly declared primary and secondary outcomes and only 21% were registered. The objective of this study was to conduct a five-year follow-up to assess outcome reporting clarity, proportion of registered trials, and adequacy of outcome registration in RCTs in top behavioral health journals. ⋯ The quality of published outcome declarations and trial registrations remains largely inadequate. Greater attention to trial registration and outcome definition in published reports is needed.