Journal of psychosomatic research
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Within the context of the United States opioid epidemic, some parents often fear the use of opioids to help manage their children's postoperative pain. As a possible consequence, parents often do not dispense optimal analgesic medications to their children after surgery, putting their children at risk of suffering from postsurgical pain. The objective of this research was to assess ethnicity as a predictor of both pain and opioid consumption, and to examine how Hispanic/Latinx and Non-Hispanic White parents alter their child's opioid consumption in response to significant postsurgical pain. ⋯ Hispanic/Latinx children might be at risk for undertreatment of surgical pain. Findings highlight the importance of assessing parent background and cultural beliefs as predictors of at home pain management and the potential effectiveness of tailored interventions that educate parents about monitoring and treating child postoperative pain.
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This study aimed to investigate the role of the five-factor model of personality (FFM) and the moderating role of gender and age in predicting medication adherence (MA) and self-care behaviors (SCB) among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ⋯ This study indicated that neuroticism, extraversion, and agreeableness significantly contributed to MA, but not to SCB. However, the effects were conditioned by age for extraversion and conscientiousness to some extent.
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To assess relationship of non-melancholic and melancholic subtypes of depressive symptoms with all-cause mortality among cardiovascular risk persons. ⋯ Non-melancholic depressive symptoms seem to be associated with excess all-cause mortality. In clinical settings, recognition of non-melancholic depressive symptoms should be emphasised.
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To assess subtypes of depressive symptoms and their relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity among CVD risk persons. ⋯ Non-melancholic depressive symptoms seem to increase risk for incident CVD among CVD risk subjects. Considering non-melancholic depressive symptoms might be useful when treating subjects with other CVD risk factors.
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Post-exertional malaise (PEM) is often considered a cardinal symptom of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS). There is no gold standard diagnostic method for CFS, however, and the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Fukuda case definition does not require PEM. Research has identified differences in symptom burden between patients according to PEM, but whether it is associated with psychological distress has not been investigated. ⋯ This study replicates the association between PEM and symptom burden and additionally associates PEM with psychological distress; psychological distress could, however, be a consequence of symptom burden. Differences between hiPEM and loPEM CFS patients highlight the heterogeneity of diagnoses resulting from the Fukuda criteria. It is also possible that PEM identifies particularly distressed patients for whom psychological intervention would be most beneficial.