Journal of psychosomatic research
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This study aimed to investigate any increased risk for suicide in young people with admission for self-harm and if the risk is further increased due to somatic inpatient admissions before a first act of self-harm. ⋯ This study suggests that admission for physical illness before self-harm is associated with a higher risk for suicide among young people, and that their contact with healthcare due to physical problems could provide an opportunity to detect suicide risk.
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To investigate the combined impact of somatic and psychosocial factors on symptom severity and physical and mental quality of life (QoL) in male and female patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS). ⋯ Present results emphasize the importance of psychosocial factors, in particular of depression, in CPPS symptom severity and both physical and mental QoL and give support to an integrated treatment concept encompassing both psychological support and somatic aspects of the disease.
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Review Meta Analysis
Mindfulness training for healthcare professionals and trainees: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Healthcare professionals (HCPs) experience a wide range of physical and psychological symptoms that can affect quality of patient care. Previous meta-analyses exploring mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) for HCPs have been limited by their narrow scope regarding intervention type, target population, and/or measures, and reliance on uncontrolled studies; therefore, a more comprehensive and methodologically rigorous examination is warranted. This meta-analysis quantified the effectiveness of MBIs on distress, well-being, physical health, and performance in HCPs and HCPs-in-training. ⋯ Results suggest mindfulness-based interventions are effective in reducing distress and improving well-being in HCPs and HCP-ITs. Subgroup analyses suggest the importance of exploring potential participants' needs prior to selecting the type of mindfulness intervention. Future studies should assess changes in mindfulness and include active controls.
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Attachment theory represents a dynamic model for understanding how pre-existing personality factors may contribute to the development of chronic pain and disability after whiplash injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of attachment insecurity on disability 6-months post-injury. It was hypothesized that: (1) levels of attachment insecurity assessed at baseline would predict levels of disability six months post-injury, and (2) both attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) would moderate associations between pain and disability, and psychological distress and disability. ⋯ Although the effects sizes for the moderations were small, the results support claims that attachment insecurity, measurable before onset of injury, represents a valuable pre-trauma vulnerability for less optimal recovery after whiplash injury.
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Central sensitization (CS), a mechanism explaining the persistence of symptoms, has been the focus of many research projects. Explanations given to patients with chronic pain are often based on this mechanism. It is hypothesized that CS also plays an important role in the persistence of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS). However, definitions and operationalizations of CS vary. We conducted a systematic review of definitions, operationalizations and measurement instruments of CS. ⋯ There is consensus that hyperexcitability is the central mechanism of CS. Operationalizations are based on this mechanism and additional components. There are many measurement instruments available, whose clinical value has still to be determined. There were no systematic differences in definitions and operationalizations between the publications addressing MUS and those addressing chronic pain.