Journal of psychosomatic research
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The purpose of this study was to explore whether self-reported whiplash traumas were associated with increased prevalence of anxiety disorder and depression. A cross-sectional design (N = 61,110) based on data from the health study (HUNT-II) was used. ⋯ Some of the association between whiplash traumas and anxiety and depression is due to neck pain and headache. Two different explanations, the "memory bias" and the "attribution" hypothesis, are discussed as explanations of these results.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Chronic insomnia, premenopausal women and sleep disordered breathing: part 2. Comparison of nondrug treatment trials in normal breathing and UARS post menopausal women complaining of chronic insomnia.
The question addressed here is: Can a discrete sleep disordered breathing (SDB) play a role in the insomnia complaint of postmenopausal chronic insomniacs? To respond to the query, two groups of individuals derived from a cohort of postmenopausal chronic insomniacs recruited mostly from the community were enlisted in a treatment protocol. These subjects were all individuals identified with normal breathing (n=68) and all those recognized with Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS) (n=62) pooled from a cohort of 349 postmenopausal insomniacs. ⋯ Abnormal breathing during sleep significantly enhanced complaints of daytime fatigue in postmenopausal chronic insomniacs and this complaint improved with SDB treatment. This improvement is significantly better compared to SDB insomniacs treated with a behavioral regimen. Behavioral treatment, however, gave the best response in the non-SDB chronic insomnia group and improved better long sleep latency even in the SDB group. These results suggest the need to find an appropriate treatment for SBD even if mild and to recognize the role of SDB in relation to symptoms seen with chronic insomnia.
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Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
A rating scale for fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome (the FibroFatigue scale).
To construct an observer's rating scale sensitive to change for measuring severity and treatment outcome in fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients. ⋯ The FibroFatigue scale seems to be a reliable and valid measuring instrument with capacity to monitor symptom severity and change during treatment of FM/CFS patients.
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To examine beliefs in relation to avoidance of activity in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients. ⋯ Beliefs about Activity appear to be an important variable in predicting behaviour and avoidance of exercise. As avoidance has been suggested as a key to the maintenance of symptoms, disability and distress in CFS patients, this research has important theoretical, clinical and research implications.
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To review the literature of the validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). ⋯ HADS was found to perform well in assessing the symptom severity and caseness of anxiety disorders and depression in both somatic, psychiatric and primary care patients and in the general population.