Pharmacol Rep
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Restraint stress (RS) markedly increases interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) generation in brain structures involved in hypothalamic-pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) axis regulation. The IL-1β-induced transient stimulation of HPA axis activity was parallel in time and magnitude to respective changes in regulation of HPA activity. In the present experiment the expression of neuron al and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS) were investigated in prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus in response to acute restraint stress in control and prior repeatedly restrained rats. ⋯ These results indicate that during restraint stress nNOS regulate formation of low amount of NO and the high-output generation of NO is effected by inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase. Prior repeated stress significantly enhances the homotypic stress-induced nNOS and iNOS responses.
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Clinical Trial
Effects of pantoprazole on dual antiplatelet therapy in stable angina pectoris patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.
Our aim was to prospectively assess the potential influence of pantoprazole therapy on the antiplatelet effects of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and clopidogrel (CLO) in stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). ⋯ Pantoprazole treatment does not impair the efficacy of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with SAP after PCI.
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Clinical Trial
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol in patients undergoing abdominal aortic surgery.
Available propofol pharmacokinetic protocols for target-controlled infusion (TCI) were obtained from healthy individuals. However, the disposition as well as the response to a given drug may be altered in clinical conditions. The aim of the study was to examine population pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of propofol during total intravenous anesthesia (propofol/fentanyl) monitored by bispectral index (BIS) in patients scheduled for abdominal aortic surgery. ⋯ The BIS index was linked to the effect site concentrations through a sigmoidal E(max) model with EC(50) = 2.19 mg/l. The body weight, age, blood pressure and gender were not identified as statistically significant covariates for all PK/PD parameters. The population PK/PD model was successfully developed to describe the time course and variability of propofol concentration and BIS index in patients undergoing surgery.
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Comparative Study
Pregabalin antinociception and its interaction with tramadol in acute model of pain.
The aim of present study was to investigate the antinociceptive effect of pregabalin and tramadol either alone and or in combination on acute model of pain. ⋯ Pregabalin revealed a comparative antinociceptive effect as similar to tramadol in acute model of pain, but interaction between these two drugs depends highly on their proportion in the combination. The analgesia may increase but adverse effects such as seizurogenic effect of tramadol can be reduced in clinical setting if right proportion is used. More studies are required to understand the mechanisms and clinical implication of such combinations.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of different priming doses of fentanyl on fentanyl-induced cough: a double-blind, randomized, controlled study.
Fentanyl-induced cough is not an uncommon phenomenon during the induction of general anesthesia. A preliminary randomized controlled study was designed to observe the effects of different priming doses of fentanyl on fentanyl-induced cough during induction of anesthesia. ⋯ In summary, a priming dose of fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg suppressed fentanyl-induced cough during induction of anesthesia in clinical practice. Fentanyl-induced cough was positively correlated with the dose of fentanyl.