Pharmacol Rep
-
The therapy of neuropathic pain may include the use of co-analgesics, such as antidepressants, however, their desired analgesic effect is associated with significant side effects. An alternative approach to this is their local administration which has been proposed, but there is little data regarding their local co-administration with morphine and the nature of the interaction between morphine and either doxepin or venlafaxine, two antidepressant drugs that have been recently used in neuropathic pain therapies. ⋯ In summary, the results suggest that when amitriptyline (but not doxepin or venlafaxine) is locally co-administered with morphine the effectiveness under neuropathic pain is enhanced, although additional studies are necessary to explain differential mechanisms of interaction of antidepressant drugs with morphine after local administration.
-
Recent studies have shown that influence of antidepressants on analgesic action of opioids is heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of acute and repeated (21 days) antidepressant (amitriptyline, moclobemide and reboxetine) treatment on the antinociceptive action of morphine, an opioid agonist, in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced neuropathic pain model. ⋯ Combination therapy, such as classical antidepressants (amitriptyline, moclobemide) with opioids, or agents with noradrenaline reuptake inhibition and μ-opioid receptor activation could be a new target for research into treatment of painful diabetic neuropathy.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Assessment of antioxidant supplementation on the neuropathic pain score and quality of life in diabetic neuropathy patients - a randomized controlled study.
Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. The appropriate goals in the management of diabetes include maintaining blood glucose levels as close to the normal range as possible, minimizing the adverse effects of free radicals by enhancing antioxidant defenses. Supplementation with appropriate vitamins may therefore be of value in the prevention and treatment of diabetes. ⋯ The study concluded that vitamin-E is a natural antioxidant and it is found to be effective in reducing pain score in diabetic neuropathy patients. The future studies may be directed towards extended duration of action.
-
The aim of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile of oxycodone and three of its metabolites, noroxycodone, oxymorphone and noroxymorphone after intravenous administration in Chinese patients with pain. ⋯ Our pharmacokinetics of oxycodone injection in Chinese patients with pain strongly support continued development of oxycodone as an effective analgesic drug in China.
-
Our previous work found that tumor suppressor menin potentiates spinal synaptic plasticity in the context of peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic hypersensitivity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not clear. We hereby assessed the role of menin in regulating the spinal balance between glutamate and GABA and its contribution to the pathological condition of nerve injury-induced hypersensitivity. ⋯ Our findings provide mechanistic insight into the contribution of the upregulated spinal menin to peripheral nerve injury induced neuropathic hypersensitivity by regulating glutamate-GABA balance through deactivating GAD65.