The Journal of surgical research
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Severe injury and associated hemorrhagic shock lead to an inflammatory response and subsequent increased tissue damage. Numerous reports have shown that injury-induced inflammation and the associated end-organ damage is driven by Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation via damage-associated molecular patterns. We examined the effectiveness of Eritoran tetrasodium (E5564), an inhibitor of TLR4 function, in reducing inflammation induced during hemorrhagic shock with resuscitation (HS/R) or after peripheral tissue injury (bilateral femur fracture, BFF). ⋯ These data suggest Eritoran can inhibit tissue damage and inflammation induced via TLR4/myeloid differentiation factor 2 signaling from damage-associated molecular patterns released during HS/R or BFF. Eritoran may represent a promising therapeutic for trauma patients to prevent multiple organ failure.
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Loss of gut barrier function is crucial in mediating lung injury induced by hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation (HS). High-lipid enteral nutrition (HL) can preserve gut barrier function. We hypothesized that HL could also mitigate HS-induced lung injury. ⋯ High-lipid enteral nutrition significantly mitigated gut barrier loss and partially mitigated lung inflammation but not oxidation and lung injury in hemorrhagic shock/resuscitation rats.