The Journal of surgical research
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A major factor contributing to global trauma mortality and morbidity is the lack of effective prehospital trauma services in developing settings. We developed a 2-d training course for nondoctor first responders featuring high-fidelity simulation and video-assisted debriefing, self-directed learning videos, and native language instruction. ⋯ Results suggest this approach may be effective in imparting prehospital trauma management concepts to layperson first responders. This study highlights an innovative educational avenue through which trauma management capacity can be enhanced in developing settings.
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End-to-side neurorrhaphy is a promising procedure for nerve repair in peripheral nerve injury. However, in previous studies, this technique was limited to somatic nerves. The present study was designed to investigate the feasibility of nerve regeneration after end-to-side neurorrhaphy between autonomic nerve and somatic nerve. ⋯ These results indicated that the somatic motor axons growth into autonomic nerve may be achieved through axon collateral sprouting for nerve repair and function rehabilitation after end-to-side neurorrhaphy of autonomic nerve and somatic nerve without apparent impairment of the donor somatic nerve.
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The neuroprotective mechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy on traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear, especially neuronal apoptosis associations such as the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), transforming growth-interacting factor (TGIF), and TGF-β1 after TBI. The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of HBO therapy in a rat model of TBI. ⋯ We concluded that treatment of TBI with HBO during the acute phase of injury can decrease local and systemic proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α production, resulting in neuroprotective effects. We also suggest that decreased levels of TGIF and increased levels of TGF-β in the injured cortex leading to decreased neuronal apoptosis is one mechanism by which functional recovery may occur.
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Persistent postsurgical pain, as an important clinical problem, seriously affects the quality of life in patients. However, the mechanism underlying persistent postsurgical pain remains largely unclear. The present study aims to elucidate the involvement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its interaction with p38 and interleukin [IL]-1β signaling in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in the persistent postsurgical pain. ⋯ These findings suggest that the activation of p38 and IL-1β signaling pathway via TLR4 mediate mechanical allodynia after SMIR surgery.
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The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of seven days daidzein pretreatment in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis. ⋯ Daidzein pretreatment for 7 d in sepsis increased the survival time in mice, which may be relate to decrease in bacterial load, anti-inflammatory effect, and protection from lung injury.