The Journal of surgical research
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The prognosis of early gastric cancer (EGC) with signet ring cell histology is more favorable than other undifferentiated gastric adenocarcinomas. An accurate assessment of potential lymph node metastasis is important for the appropriate treatment of EGC with signet ring cell histology. Therefore, this study analyzed the predictive factors associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with this type of EGC. ⋯ The risk of lymph node metastasis of EGC with signet ring cell histology was high in those with tumor sizes ≥2 cm, submucosal tumors, and lymphovascular invasion. A minimally invasive treatment, such as endoscopic resection, might be possible in highly selective cases of EGC with signet ring cell histology with intramucosal invasion, tumor size <2 cm, and no lymphovascular invasion.
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Observational Study
Dysmotility by mechanical bowel preparation using polyethylene glycol.
The effects of mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) on morbidity (e.g., anastomotic leakage and surgical site infection) have been evaluated. Its effect on early recovery after surgery has drawn renewed attention, and its use is discouraged in the postsurgical management of enhanced recovery. However, most surgeons in Japan prefer polyethylene glycol (PEG) for MBP. We investigated the effect of MBP with PEG on postoperative intestinal motility. ⋯ PEG can negatively affect postoperative intestinal motility, and MBP using PEG is unnecessary in elective colon cancer surgery.
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Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury has a significant impact on liver resection and transplantation. Many strategies have been developed to reduce the effects of ischemia-reperfusion injury, including pharmacologic and ischemic preconditioning; however, studies comparing these two methods are lacking. ⋯ Our results suggest an early protective effect of PharmPC (lower levels of C-reactive protein soon after ischemia). The protective effect observed after reperfusion was higher with PharmPC than with ischemic preconditioning. The simultaneous use of both methods could potentiate protection for ischemia-reperfusion.
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There is debate in the trauma literature regarding the effect of prolonged prehospital transport on morbidity and mortality. This study analyzes the management of hepatic trauma patients requiring surgery and compares the outcomes of the group that was transferred to the University of New Mexico Hospital (UNMH) from outside institutions, to the directly admitted group. ⋯ There was no significant difference in liver injury grade, ISS, LOS, and mortality between TG and DAG. In the patient population of our study, transfer status did not affect outcome.
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Gastric aspiration is a significant cause of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Environmental risk factors, such as a diet high in proinflammatory advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), may render some patients more susceptible to lung injury after aspiration. We hypothesized that high dietary AGEs increase its pulmonary receptor, RAGE, producing an amplified pulmonary inflammatory response in the presence of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a RAGE ligand and an endogenous signal of epithelial cell injury after aspiration. ⋯ This study indicates that high dietary AGEs can increase pulmonary RAGE, augmenting the inflammatory response to aspiration in the presence of endogenous damage signals such as HMGB1.