The Journal of surgical research
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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction, a common complication after surgery in elderly patients, is an increasing and largely underestimated problem without a defined etiology. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The present study sought to investigate the role of neuroinflammation mediated by high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100B, and the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) in cognitive dysfunction after partial hepatectomy in aged mice. ⋯ These data suggest that HMGB1, S100B, and RAGE signaling modulate the hippocampal inflammatory response and might play key roles in surgery-induced cognitive decline.
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Aspiration of gastroesophageal refluxate has been implicated in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and the progression of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. The goals of the present study were to identify lung transplant patients at the greatest risk of aspiration and to investigate the causative factors. ⋯ Our results suggest that patients with IPF after lung transplantation are at increased risk of aspiration and a greater frequency of acute rejection episodes, and that the risk factors for aspiration might be different among those with the most common end-stage lung diseases who have undergone lung transplantation. These results support the role of evaluating the BALF for markers of aspiration in assessing lung transplant patients as candidates for antireflux surgery.
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Burn injury causes major metabolic derangements such as hypermetabolism, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance and is associated with liver damage, hepatomegaly, and hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Although the physiological consequences of such derangements have been delineated, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Previously, it was shown that fenofibrate improves patient outcome by attenuating postburn stress responses. ⋯ Fenofibrate did not alleviate thermal injury-induced hepatic ER stress and dysfunction, but it reduced hepatic steatosis by modulating hepatic genes related to fat metabolism.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Self-gripping versus sutured mesh for inguinal hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature.
Lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair is the most commonly used technique for open inguinal hernia. However, mesh fixation with sutures to avoid dislocation has been considered as a cause of chronic pain and discomfort. A new self-gripping mesh (Parietene Progrip; Coviden) has been developed, which is making the use of sutureless for inguinal hernia repair. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the outcomes of open Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair using new self-gripping mesh or sutured mesh. ⋯ Based on the results, both meshes appear to result in similar postoperation outcomes. Further long-term analysis may guide surgeon selection of adapted mesh for inguinal hernia repair.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of propofol and dexmedetomidine infusion on fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients.
We studied the effects of propofol or dexmedetomidine on preload dependency and fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients. ⋯ We observed that propofol infusion, but not dexmedetomidine infusion, can increase preload dependency and fluid responsiveness in patients with circulatory failure.