The Journal of surgical research
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Hemorrhagic shock activates cellular stress signals and can lead to systemic inflammatory response, organ injury, and death. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) acts as a sensor of tissue injury in models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Lipoxins are endogenous lipid mediators with potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving actions. We hypothesized that BML-111 (a lipoxin A4-receptor agonist) attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury (ALI) through inhibiting activation of the MAPK pathway. ⋯ This study indicates that BML-111 attenuated hemorrhagic shock-induced ALI via the MAPK/activator protein-1 signaling pathway. Therefore, BML-111 may have therapeutic potential for hemorrhagic shock-induced ALI.
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Cutaneous thermal injuries (i.e., burns) remain a common form of debilitating trauma, and outcomes are often worsened by wound infection with environmental bacteria, chiefly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ⋯ These data suggest that early administration of azithromycin following burn-related trauma and infection may reduce P aeruginosa infection and potential interactions with other antibiotics should be considered when designing future studies.
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Unbalanced inflammatory response and lymphocyte apoptosis are the main reasons for high mortality in patients with sepsis. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), the most important component isolated from Panax ginseng, has long been used to treat inflammatory and immune-related diseases. We designed this study to investigate the therapeutic effect of this agent on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis in mice. ⋯ Ginsenoside Rg1 has a protective role against CLP-induced polymicrobial sepsis by attenuating the proinflammatory response, enhancing innate immunity and preserving adaptive immunity. Rg1 could be a promising new agent for treatment of sepsis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Which side of lateral ventricles to choose during external ventricular drainage in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage: ipsilateral or contralateral?
We attempted to investigate the effect of external ventricular drainage (EVD) plus intraventricular fibrinolysis from ipsilateral or contralateral ventricle on clinical outcomes in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage. ⋯ External ventricular drainage plus EVT from the ipsilateral or contralateral ventricle has similar short-term outcomes and complications in patients with intraventricular hemorrhage. Faster clot clearance in the third and fourth ventricles but higher ICP levels at the early stage may be expected in patients with EVD from the ipsilateral ventricle, compared with those from with EVD from the contralateral ventricle.
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Deceased cardiac donors (DCDs) have become a useful source of organs for liver transplantation; nevertheless, there are concerns about the longevity of these grafts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to resuscitate DCD porcine livers as a preclinical model using hepatocyte isolation and viability as a marker to assess whole-graft preservation. ⋯ This preclinical study suggests that ECMO is a viable technique for liver preservation that gives an improved yield of hepatocytes when isolated from a DCD liver, suggesting improved liver preservation.