Arch Gen Psychiat
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Comparative Study
Adverse events during medical and surgical hospitalizations for persons with schizophrenia.
Persons with schizophrenia have a high risk of premature mortality. It is not clear if greater risk for adverse events during hospitalization is a contributing factor. ⋯ Medical and surgical hospitalizations for persons with schizophrenia had at least twice the odds of several types of adverse events than those for persons without schizophrenia. These adverse events were associated with poor clinical and economic outcomes during the hospital admission. Efforts to reduce these adverse events should become a research priority.
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Suicidality in pediatric patients treated with antidepressant drugs.
There has been concern that widely used antidepressant agents might be associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior (suicidality) in pediatric patients. ⋯ Use of antidepressant drugs in pediatric patients is associated with a modestly increased risk of suicidality.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Depressive symptoms, vascular disease, and mild cognitive impairment: findings from the Cardiovascular Health Study.
Depressive symptoms are common in patients with dementia and may be associated with increased risk of developing dementia. It has been hypothesized that depressive symptoms and dementia may be attributable to underlying vascular disease in some older persons. ⋯ Depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of MCI, and this association was independent of underlying vascular disease.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effects of lower-cost incentives on stimulant abstinence in methadone maintenance treatment: a National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network study.
Contingency management interventions that provide tangible incentives based on objective indicators of drug abstinence have improved treatment outcomes of substance abusers, but have not been widely implemented in community drug abuse treatment settings. ⋯ An abstinence incentive approach that paid 120 dollars in prizes per participant effectively increased stimulant abstinence in community-based methadone maintenance treatment clinics.
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Comparative Study
Depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in late life: a prospective epidemiological study.
Depression is associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. It is less clear whether depression contributes to further cognitive decline over time, independently of incipient dementia. ⋯ Depressive symptoms are cross-sectionally associated with cognitive impairment but not subsequent cognitive decline. Substantial cognitive decline over time cannot be explained by depression and most likely reflects incipient dementia.